Students get through the MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Unit 3 Climate and Drainage Pattern which are most likely to be asked in the exam.
MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Unit 3 Climate and Drainage Pattern
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What do you mean by a drainage system?
Answer:
The drainage system means the river system of a particular area. A small streams from different directions join the main river. This main river flows and joins a huge water body like a lake, a sea or an ocean.
Question 2.
The river of North India are full with water whole the year. Why? (2015, 17)
Answer:
The main feature of the North Indian rivers is that they receive water throughout the year. The rivers of this region receive water from rainfall as well as melting of snow from ice capped mountains.
Question 3.
Name the four major lakes of India. (2014)
Answer:
- Wular lake (J. & K.)
- Koleru lake (A. P.)
- Chilika lake (Odisha)
- Sambhar lake (Rajasthan).
Question 4.
Name four tributaries of river Ganga. (2014, 17)
Answer:
Four tributaries of river ganga are the Yamuna, the Ghaghra, the Gandak and the Kosi.
Question 5.
Name five tributaries of river Indus.
Answer:
The five tributaries of river Indus are the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas and the Sutlej.
Question 6.
What is meant by a fault ?
Answer:
Fault is a plane along which there has been a fracture of rock layer leading to displacement of strata.
Question 7.
What is a meander ?
Answer:
Meander is a loop like structure or a curve formed by the deposition work of a river in the plains.
Question 8.
What do you mean by Inland drainage?
Answer:
Inland drainage is a drainage system in which rivers crossing the deserts get lost in the sandy surface and are unable to reach the sea.
Question 9.
India is called the region of which type of climate? (2016)
Answer:
Monsoon type of climate.
Question 10.
Which are the main branches of monsoon in the rainy season?
Answer:
There are two branches of south west monsoon in India
- The Arabian sea branch, which causes rain in maximum parts of peninsular plateau
- The Bay of Bengal branch, which turns towards low pressure causing rainfall in the plains of Ganga.
Question 11.
What is the meaning of “Monsoon”?
Answer:
The word monsoon has been derived from the Arabic word “Mausin” which means ‘season’ or blowing of wind according to season. This wind blow from north-east for six months and from south-west for the next six months. On the basis of this, winds which change their direction seasonally are known as the monsoon winds.
Question 12.
What is ‘Mango showers’?
Answer:
Pre monsoon showers in the peninsular plateau are known as ‘mango showers’. They are also known as ‘blossom showers’ in Kerala because they are beneficial to the coffee plantation as flowering starts with these rains.
Question 13.
What is a rain shadow area?
Answer:
Rain shadow area is a comparatively dry area on the leeward side of the highland which stands in the path of rain bearing clouds.
Question 14.
What is ‘Kaal Baisakhi’?
Answer:
Assam and Bengal receive showers in the month of April with thunder and lightning, locally known as ‘Kaal baisakhi’ (Calamity of the month of Baisakh).
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Describe the Indus river system.
Answer:
This system comprises the Indus and its tributaries. The length of the Indus river is about 2900 km. It rises in Tibet near Mansarovar and flows towards the west forming a beautiful 500 metre deep gorge in the Laddakh district of Jammu and Kashmir. From here it flows towards the southwest, enters Pakistan and finally joins the Arabian sea. The five tributaries of the Indus are the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas and the Satluj. This region of five rivers is known as Punjab. The water of these rivers is used in Punjab, Haryana and the south western part of Rajasthan for irrigation.
Question 2.
Which regions of India are the heavy rainfall areas?
Answer:
The areas of very high rainfall includes the western ghats (Kerala, Goa, Coastal Karnataka) Assam, Meghalaya and Eastern Himalayas. Here the rainfall is above 200 cm.
Question 3.
Why is Indian agriculture called a gamble of monsoon? (2015)
Answer:
India possesses monsoon type of climate. There are only four months of rainy season. The time of monsoon and amount of rainfall is uncertain. If the monsoon is on time and if there is adequate rainfall the crop will be good, but if the rainfall is less or not on time, the crop will be affected badly. Thus there is uncertainty of agricultural production due to uncertain monsoon. Therefore, it is said that Indian agriculture is a gamble of monsoon.
Question 4.
How do monsoon winds originate?
Answer:
The monsoon winds are affected by land and see breezes on a large scale. By differential heating of the land and the sea, winds blow from sea to land in the daytime and from land to sea in the night, similarly in the summer season, winds blow from the high pressure system on the sea to the low pressure system on lands. During winters, a complete reversal takes place with high pressure on the land and a low pressure over the sea. At this time winds start blowing from land to sea. This is called the monsoon.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Explain the factors influencing the Indian climate.
Answer:
Factors affecting climate of India are as follows:
(1) Location: India is located in between 8°4′ N to 37°6′ N. The tropic of cancer divides India into two almost equal halves. Due to this specific location, its southern part has a tropical climate and the northern part has a continental type of climate.
(2) Relief Features: The Himalayas on the northern boundary of the country extending from east to west, protect India from the cold breeze coming from the north in the winter season. They intercept the moisture bearing monsoon winds and help in precipitation.
(3) Jet Streams: The climate of India is also affected by the movement of the jet streams blowing in the upper atmosphere. A westerly jet stream blows above northern India is winter season but in the rainy season it moves northwards above the Tibetian plateau. The nature of these streams is responsible for the summer monsoon.
(4) Monsoon Winds: India lies in the belt of trade winds but the effect of the monsoon winds is seen on its climate. In our country, in the summer season these winds blow from the sea to the landmass and in winter season from landmass to sea. This change in monsoon winds changes the weather and season in India.
Question 2.
Explain the main characteristics of monsoon in India.
Answer:
Characteristics of Monsoon in India
- Monsoon winds are seasonal winds. They blow according to season.
- Seasonal winds blowing in the summer season are called the summer monsoon and winds blowing in the winter season are called the winter monsoon.
- Due to the peninsular shape of India summer monsoon winds divide into two parts. The Arabian Sea monsoon and the Bay of Bengal monsoon.
- In summer season these winds blow from the south-west to the north-east and in winters from the north-east to the south-west in India.
- These winds are hot and humid in summer season as they blow from sea to land whereas in winters they are cold and dry because they blow from land to sea.
- Rainfall in India is due to monsoon winds. The maximum amount of rainfall is received from the south-west monsoon winds.
- Rainfall received from Indian monsoon is uncertain many times. The time of monsoon and amount of rainfall vary.
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
River Narmada originates from: (2009)
(i) Satpura
(ii) Amarkantak
(iii) Vindhyachal
(iv) Himalayas.
Answer:
(ii) Amarkantak
Question 2.
River in its last stage forms: (2012)
(i) waterfall
(ii) Flood plains
(iii) Delta or Estuary
(iv) Ox-Bow lake.
Answer:
(iii) Delta or Estuary
Question 3.
Which states are drained by river Krishna? (2011)
(i) Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh
(ii) Maharashtra, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh
(iii) Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu
(iv) Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa
Answer:
(i) Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh
Question 4.
River which drains in Arubian Sean: (2013, 17)
(i) Ganga
(ii) Narmada/Tapti
(iii) Mahanadi
(iv) Brahmnaputra.
Answer:
(ii) Narmada/Tapti
Question 5.
Almati and Nagarjun Sugar dams arc built on which river?
(i) Krishna
(ii) Kaveri
(iii) Godavari
(iv) Narmada
Answer:
(i) Krishna
Question 6.
Which of the following Gulf separates India and Sri Lanka? (2008, 10)
(i) Gulf of Cambay
(ii) Rann of Kachchh
(iii) Bay of Bengal
(iv) Gulf of Mannar.
Answer:
(iv) Gulf of Mannar.
Question 7.
Which of the following rivers is known as Dakshin Ganga? (2012, 15)
(i) Godavari
(ii) Kaveri
(iii) Krishna
(iv) Narmada
Answer:
(i) Godavari
Question 8.
The Sambhar lake is in: (2008)
(i) Gujarat
(ii) Maharashtra
(iii) Rajasthan
(iv) Madhya Pradesh
Answer:
(iii) Rajasthan
Question 9.
By which name is the Brahmaputra known in Tibet?
(i) Dhanshri
(ii) Dibig
(iii) Meghna
(iv) Tsangpo
Answer:
(iv) Tsangpo
Question 10.
The time or the south-west monsoon in India is: (2010)
(i) October to November
(ii) June to September
(iii) March to May
(iv) December to February
Answer:
(ii) June to September
Question 11.
States having heavy rainfall are: (2011)
(i) Bihar, Orissa
(ii) Meghalaya, Assam
(iii) Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat
(iv) Rajasthan, Punjab.
Answer:
(ii) Meghalaya, Assam
Question 12.
Coromandel coast in India receives minimum rainfall in: (2008, 09)
(i) January-February
(ii) June-September
(iii) March-May
(iv) October-November
Answer:
(i) January-February
Question 13.
Maximum variation in the amount of rainfall is found in: (2008, 09)
(i) Maharashtra
(ii) Assam
(iii) Andhra Pradesh
(iv) Rajasthan
Answer:
(ii) Assam
Question 14.
The monsoon winds are related to: (2008)
(i) Weather
(ii) Climate
(iii) Season
(iv) None of these.
Answer:
(i) Weather
Question 15.
In which of the following area of India, Godavari river is known as Ganga? (2013)
(i) East
(ii) West
(iii) North
(iv) South
Answer:
(iv) South
Fill in the Blanks
Question 1.
The drainage system means the ………… of a particular area.
Answer:
river system
Question 2.
The length of the Indus river is about ………… km.
Answer:
2,900
Question 3.
The wind which blows in summer is called ………… (2015)
Answer:
Loo
Question 4.
………… river is called Ganga of south India. (2009)
Answer:
Godavari
Question 5.
When one river captures the water of the other river it is called …………
Answer:
River capturing
Question 6.
The state of five rivers is known as ………… (2008)
Answer:
Punjab
Question 7.
The average annual rainfall is less than ………… cm. in the low rainfall areas.
Answer:
50
Question 8.
The Chilika lake is located in ………… (2009)
Answer:
Odisha
Question 9.
Areas in which average temperature is above 18°C is called ………… climate. (2009)
Answer:
Tropical
Question 10.
In the north-westerly plains of India, rainfall caused in the April month due to western disturbances is known as …………
Answer:
Kaal Baisakhi
Match the Columns
A | B |
1. Assam (2016) | (a) Amarkantak |
2. The Brahmaputra river (2009) | (b) Godavari |
3. The Ganga or southern India (2009, 11) | (c) State of very high rainfall |
4. Loo (2016) | (d) Jet stream |
5. High altitude wind (2013) | (e) Kailash Mountains |
6. Narmada river (2014) | (f) Hot winds or summer season in Northern India |
Answers:
1. (c)
2. (e)
3. (b)
4. (f)
5. (d)
6. (a)
True/False
Question 1.
Wular lake is located in Jammu and Kashmir. (2009)
Answer:
True
Question 2.
Hirakud Dam is built on the river Narmada. (2009)
Answer:
False
Question 3.
The length of the Indus river is about 2900 km. (2012)
Answer:
True
Question 4.
Mango showers are in Madhya Pradesh. (2009)
Answer:
False
Question 5.
The average annual rainfall of India is 105 cm. (2008)
Answer:
True
Question 6.
Bay of Khambat is between India and Sri Lanka. (2009, 12)
Answer:
False
Question 7.
The tropic of cancer divides India into two zones – The tropical and the sub-tropical zone. (2008)
Answer:
True
Question 8.
Our country has important contribution of rivers in its economy. (2013)
Answer:
True
Question 9.
Chilika lake is located in Bihar. (2013)
Answer:
False
Answer in One Word/Sentence
Question 1.
From which state does the Narmada river originate?
Answer:
Madhya Pradesh.
Question 2.
In which gulf the Tapti river falls?
Answer:
Gulf of Cambay.
Question 3.
The Yamuna, the Ghaghra, the Gandak and the Kosi are the tributaries of which river?
Answer:
The Ganga.
Question 4.
When does maximum rainfall occur in Coromandel coast in India? (2014)
Answer:
In January-Febriiary.
Question 5.
Name the rivers that form the tidal mouth at their mouth?
Answer:
Narmada and Tapi.
Question 6.
Which state is called “the state of five rivers”?
Answer:
Punjab.
Question 7.
Which river is known as the Ganga of southern India (or Dakshin Ganga)? (2008, 17)
Answer:
The Godavari.
Question 8.
Which is the main waterfall of the Kaveri river?
Answer:
Shivasamudram.
Question 9.
A loop like structure or a curve formed by the deposition of a river in the plains. (2009)
Answer:
Meander.
Question 10.
Rivers form this structure at the end of their course. (2009)
Answer:
Delta or Estuary.
Question 11.
By which name the pre-monsoon showers in the peninsular plateau known?
Answer:
Mango showers.
Question 12.
By which name is the Brahmaputra river known in Tibet?
Answer:
The Tsangpo.