MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

Students get through the MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens which are most likely to be asked in the exam.

MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
“Fundamental Rights and the duties are the two sides of the same coin”.
Answer:
Duties and Rights are two sides of the same coin. We cannot enjoy rights without fulfilment of duties. If citizens fulfil their fundamental duties then it will be easier for them to enjoy their fundamental rights. If citizens do not follow their duties then there will be irregularities and the environment will be disturbed. Fulfillment of fundamental duties develops healthy social environment. There is no legal action for violation of fundamental duties in the constitution.

There is no provision for punishment if these are disrespected but they are our responsibilities towards our nation. Fundamental duties are inspiration for strengthening the country’s cultural heritage, national property, individual and collective progress, defence system of the country etc. and to protect environment, to respect national ideals and to maintain social harmony.

Question 2.
What are the directive principles for the promotion of international peace?
Answer:
Following are the directive principles for the promotion of international peace:

  • To promote international peace and security.
  • To maintain just and hononarable relations between nations.
  • To respect international laws and treaties.
  • Peaceful settlement of disputes of various nations.

Question 3.
Explain the rights of Equality. (Imp.)
Answer:
Under the rights of equality, our constitution guarantees that all the citizens will be equally protected by the laws of the country. This also implies that, the state can’t discriminate against citizen on the basis of race, caste, sex or place of birth.

Every fundamental rights also contains some exceptions. For instance the right to equality says that the state can make special provisions for children and women. To have such special protection is not against the rights to equality.

Another aspect of the rights to equality is that the state can’t discriminate against any one in employment government service.

MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

Question 4.
What rights are there against the exploitation? (MP 2009)
Answer:
The following rights are provided to the citizens against the exploitation:

  • According to article 23, the selling and buying of human being, woman and children is prohibited and banned.
  • Any forced labour is crime, earlier in very backward areas some times the people were made to work free. This is called a forced labour. But nowadays a provision for punishment is made for such crime.
  • Provision against the exploitation of children: The constitution also says that children under 14 years of age should not be employed in factory or mines and any risky work.

Question 5.
Explain the rights of speech and freedom of expression.
Answer:
Our constitution guarantees the rights of speech and freedom of expression. Indian citizen has a rights to express his views through speech. The government can restrict their rights in the interest of the integrity of the country. This means that the rights of expression of ideas should not go against the unity of the country.

Question 6.
Explain the cultural and educational rights.
Answer:
Cultural and educational rights: Cultural and educational rights is for language, script and culture. India is a country of many languages and culture. Any community which has language and script of its own has the rights to develop them. In India every citizen has the rights to preserve their culture, script and language.

The state does not make any discrimination on the basis of religion, caste, creed while giving donation to any educational institution. The state cannot make discrimination on the basis of caste or language while giving admissions in any educational institutions.

Question 7.
“Supreme court is the protector of fundamental rights”. Explain.
Answer:
If any person or any institution, the government or the legislative body violates the fundamental rights of person he can directly apply to the supreme court for the protection of his rights. The supreme court is the protector of the fundamental rights. So, it takes up such a case for direct hearing. This power to protect the fundamental rights has been given to the state High courts too.

But, if a citizen applies directly to the supreme court it considers such a petition. The legal position regarding the fundamental rights is ultimately decided by the supreme court of India. Thus, it is the protector of the fundamental rights.

Question 8.
Distinguish between the fundamental rights and directive principles. (MP 2009, 10)
Answer:
Difference between fundamental rights and directive principles are:
Fundamental rights:

  1. The fundamental rights are the rights of the citizens.
  2. Fundamental rights can be enforced. The government cannot take away these rights.
  3. The fundamental rights aimed at establishing political democracy.
  4. The fundamental rights are ends in itself. It is the need of the day.
  5. If a citizen is deprived of any fundamental rights he can go to the court.
  6. Fundamental rights can be cancelled at the emergency.

Directive principles:

  1. The directive principles are meant for the states. They are directions to the government for the state.
  2. The directive principles cannot be enforced on person by courts.
  3. Directive principles aimed at economic and social democracy.
  4. The directive principles are the means to attain the welfare of the people and the society.
  5. But if directive principles are not followed by any state a person cannot go to the court against it.
  6. Directive principles are directions given at emergency also.

Question 9.
How are fundamental rights given legal protection. Explain.
Or
What do you mean by rights to constitutional remedies? (MP 2010)
Answer:
Rights to constitutional remedies – The arrangements for the security of the Fundamental Rights have been made in the articles of the constitution form 32 to 35. The state cannot enact a law which may limit or abolish fundamental fights. Any person can move to court for the protection of his fundamental rights.

The court can nullify such laws which disregard the fundamental rights. Thus the enforcement of the fundamental rights is guaranteed by the constitution. The court for this purpose can issue five types of writs.

  1. Habeas corpus
  2. Prohibition
  3. Mandamus
  4. Certiorari
  5. Quo warranto

MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

Question 10.
What provisions has been made by the constitution for abolition untouchability in the constitution? (MP 2011)
Answer:
Article 17 of the constitution has abolished untouchability with a view to being social equality among citizens. Civil right protection act of 1955 provides that the practise of untouchability by state or citizens is a punishable offence.

Question 11.
What are fundamental rights? How many fundamental rights have been given to us by the Indian constitution? ( MP 2011, 12)
Answer:
The rights which are essential for the all round development and dignity of a man incorporated in the constitution of the country and protected by the supreme court, are called fundamental rights.

The constitution has granted us with 6 fundamental rights:

  1. Rights to equality
  2. Rights to freedom
  3. Rights to freedom of religion
  4. Rights against exploitation
  5. Cultural & Educational rights
  6. Rights to constitutional remedies

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Why are fundamental duties included into constitution?
Answer:
The constitution originally did not mention the fundamental duties of a citizen. It was by the 42nd amendment of the constitution in 1976 a list of ten fundamental duties was added or listed in the constitution.

  • They have been included in the constitution with the purpose of making citizens patriotic. They are expected to follow a code of conduct that would make the nation strong and protect its sovereignty and integrity.
  • These duties aim at making the citizens realise that if they are given some fundamental rights they have also to perform certain duties. If they perform the duties properly they will have a peaceful society.
  • Such dutiful citizens would help the government in performing its diverse duties and promoting ideas of brotherhood, unity, cooperation, etc.
  • For integrity and the unity of the country the fundamental duties are included.

Question 2.
Explain the Rights to Freedom.
Answer:
Article 19 to 22 of the constitution guarantee the rights to freedom to citizens. This article provides them right to freedom of expression, belief, religion and worship. This helps them in developing their personality. We enjoy the following freedom:

(1) Freedom of speech and expression: All the citizens of India have full freedom to express their ideas. Speech is its powerful means. They can express their ideas through newspaper, radio, television and painting. But a person should express his ideas keeping in view the sovereignty, integrity, security public order decency, morality, friendly relations with foreign countries and respect to courts. The state can impose reasonable restrictions on the aforesaid basis on speech and freedom of expression.

(2) Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms: Under this right citizens have freedom to assemble for meetings, processions and demonstrations. These should take peacefully and without arms. The government can impose reasonable restrictions on this right. Keeping in view the sovereignty, integrity and public security of the country.

(3) Freedom to form association and unions: Freedom to form union. Union is a group of people assembled and organised to achieve a common objective. The constitution grants the freedom to form union and association to the citizens according to their will. These unions may be commercial, economic, political, cultural or other partnership, club, labour, union type associations. The state may impose restrictions on these unions too keeping in view the sovereignty, integrity and public order of India.

(4) Freedom of movement: India is a county in which people of different caste and religion reside. All the citizens of India have the right to move freely in the territory of India without any restrictions.

(5) Freedom to live and settle in any part of India: The citizens of India can reside and settle in any part of the county. It has been considered essential for the national integrity and unity. Therefore the people of one province and language can reside among the people of other province and in any other part of the county.

The right to move and reside in any part of the country are mutually interrelated, and support the integrity of the nation. The state can impose proper restriction in the interest of public at large and for the security of the culture custom and language, on their freedom.

(6) Freedom to take up any job or trade anywhere in India: Any citizen of India can choose any legal means of livelihood, trade or occupation. Along with the above the right he shall have right to close down according to his will. It means a citizen cannot be compelled to do a job against his will.

The state can prescribe the professional or technical qualifications essential for a particular professions. Restrictions can be imposed on any trade which is considered against the interest of the gv..eral public. For example the restriction is imposed on the citizens against trading trade of dangerous and intoxicating goods, adulterated goods of trafficking in children and women.

MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

Question 3.
Explain the various writs issued by courts.
Answer:
1. Mandamus: This is also a Latin term. It means ‘we command’. This writ is an order to an individual (a public officer) or association to perform an act which is his/her/its legal duty to fulfill. It is a command to act lawfully. The supreme court or high court may issue a mandamus to any authority, officer and government to enforce, the fundamental right of a person when it is violated by some government order or act.

2. Prohibition: A subordinate court may act outside its jurisdiction or against the procedure of law. A writ of prohibition is issued (by the High Court or the Supreme Court) to prevent an inferior or subordinate court from exercising powers with which it is not legally vested. It is issued against jurisdiction.

3. Habeas corpus: It is a writ which is empowered by constitution to Supreme court and High court. It is a Latin term. It is issued by the court in case of an illegal arrest or wrongful detention by the government or any other person. This writ thus provide a remedy for a person wrongly detained or arrested.

By this writ, the court can order the detained person to be produced before it. It can then know the reason for detention and set him free if there is no legal justification for the arrest or detention.

Question 4.
Explain the ten fundamental duties of Indian citizens. (MP 2012)
Answer:
Ten Fundamental duties of Indian citizens are as follows:

  • Every Indian citizen should obey the constitution and respect its ideals and institutions.
  • They should respect their national flag.
  • They should respect the national anthem of their country.
  • They must protect its freedom and defend the integrity, sovereignity and unity of India.
  • It is their duty to safeguard the public property and not to take violence.
  • The citizen should protect the wildlife of our country and our rich cultural heritage.
  • The citizen should promote harmony among the various religions and languages.
  • They should also develop the spi.it of scientific enquiry and have attitude of humanism.
  • They should protect the natural environment and have compassion for living creatures.
  • To promote the common brotherhood of all the people in India and give up practices harmful to the dignity of women.

Question 5.
What do you mean by directive principles?
Answer:
The directive principles of state policy are the direction given to the control social and economic crisis to state government by the formers of the constitution to decide their polices.

Their aims are:

  1. A welfare state.
  2. Developing India in accordance with the ideals of Gandhiji.
  3. Promoting international peace and security by the state.

(1) Welfare system:

  • To make available equal means of livelihood for both of men and women.
  • Utilisation of resources of the country for the welfare of people.
  • Wealth and means of production should not be concentrated in the hands of few but, their utilisation should be for public welfare.
  • There should be equal pay for equal work for both men and women. Their health and their children’s health and energy should not be misused.
  • The youth and children should be protected from economic and moral degeneration.
  • There should be employment and education for all and the state should help in case unemployment and in ability.
  • The state should provide for just and human working conditions.
  • All should be provided decent standard of living, enough leave and social and cultural facilities, the standard of food and health should be improved.
  • Compulsory and free education should be made available for children. 86th amendment of the constitution 2002, provides equal opportunities of education to children 6 – 14 years of age.

(2) Directive principles in accordance with the ideals of Gandhiji:

  • To promote cottage industries.
  • Organisation of village Panchayat and to make them function as self-governing units.
  • Promotion of educational and economic interests of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward sections and to save them from exploitation.
  • Prohibition of consumption of intoxicating goods (except medicines).
  • To organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific basis.
  • To protect and improve the breeds of milk and draught cattle.
  • Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife.
  • Protection of important national and historical monuments.
  • Separation of judiciary from executive in public services.
  • To frame civil and criminal laws for the country.

(3) Promotion of international peace:

  • To promote international peace and security.
  • To maintain just and honourable relations between nations.
  • To respect international laws and treaties.
  • To make efforts for the settlement of international disputes by arbitration.

The above directive principles of state policy will help in the establishment of a welfare state. The evaluation of the success can be made on the basis of implementation.

MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

Question 6.
Why are fundamental duties included into constitution?
Answer:
The constitution originally did not mention the fundamental duties of a citizen. It was by the 42nd amendment of the constitution in 1976 a list often fundamental duties was added or listed in the constitution.

  • They have been included in the constitution with the purpose of making citizens patriotic. They are expected to follow a code of conduct that would make the nation strong and protect its sovereignty and integrity.
  • These duties aim at making the citizens realise that if they are given some fundamental rights they have also to perform certain duties. If they perform the duties properly they will have a peaceful society.
  • Such dutiful citizens would help the government in performing its diverse duties and promoting ideas of brotherhood, unity and cooperation etc.
  • For integrity and the unity of the country the fundamental duties are included.

Question 7.
Write the importance of Fundamental Rights.
Answer:
The Right are those conditions of life which are essential for the complete development of the people. In a democratic society the citizen need some rights to lead a free life. These are associated with their basic needs and dignity. Therefore we call them ‘Fundamental Rights’. The society recognise them because they are essential for all.

The state accepts them to provide the support of power. In case of violation of these rights they can be enforced through the courts. In fact the fundamental rights are a sort of restrictions on the arbitrary proceeding of the state government to the officers working under it. These are provided for the physical, mental, moral, cultural and all-round development of an individual. A citizen develops his personality to the fullest due to these rights.

The rights which are essential for the all round development and dignity of a man incorporated in the constitution of the country and are protected by the Supreme Court are called the Fundamental rights.

Question 8.
Fundamental Rights and fundamental Duties are the two sides of a same coin. Explain.
Answer:
Duties and rights are two sides of the same com. We cannot enjoy rights without fulfillment of duties. If citizens fulfill their fundamental duties then it will be easier for them to enjoy their fundamental rights. If citizen do not follow their duties then there will be irregularities and the environment will be disturbed.

Fulfillment of fundamental duties develops healthy social environment. There is no legal action for violation of fundamental duties in the constitution. There is no provision for punishment if these are disrespected but they are responsibilities towards our nation. Fundamental duties are inspiration for strengthening the country’s cultural heritage, national property, defense system of the country etc. and to protect environment to respect, national ideals and to maintain social harmony.

I. Choose the correct alternative:

Question 1.
Which out of these is not a fundamental rights:
(a) Rights to work and rest
(b) Rights to freedom
(c) Rights to equality
(d) Rights against exploitation.
Answer:
(a) Rights to work and rest

Question 2.
Which fundamental right has been eliminated from the list of fundamental rights through 44th:
(a) Rights to property
(b) Rights to Freedom
(c) Rights to equality
(d) Cultural and educational rights.
Answer:
(a) Rights to property

Question 3.
Which function out of these comes, under the category of child labor:
(a) A child of less than 14 years of age working in hotels; construction companies.
(b) Movement and acquiring education by a child below 14 years of age.
(c) Playing of children below 14 years of age.
(d) Doing physical exercise by children below 14 years of age.
Answer:
(a) A child of less than 14 years of age working in hotels; construction companies.

Question 4.
Which of these rights is not associated with fundamental right of freedom:
(a) Right to freedom of speech
(b) Abolition of titles
(c) Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India
(d) Freedom of movement
Answer:
(b) Abolition of titles

MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

Question 5.
Through which writ High Court or Supreme court can summon any record of file from its lower court:
(a) Habeas Corpus
(b) Certiorari
(c) Quo Warrants
(d) Mandamus
Answer:
(b) Certiorari

Question 6.
Out of the following who protects the fundamental rights:
(a) Parliament
(b) Legislative assemblies
(c) Supreme Court
(d) Government of India
Answer:
(c) Supreme Court

Question 7.
Out of these which is directive principles of the state policy:
(a) Bound by law
(b) Eligible for justice
(c) Creative directions to the state
(d) Directives of Judiciary
Answer:
(b) Eligible for justice

II. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
Indian constitution is divided into ………….. parts.
Answer:
22

Question 2.
In our constitution in article 29 and 30 ………….. right is given.
Answer:
Culture and education

Question 3.
Our citizens are provided ………….. fundamental rights.
Answer:
6

Question 4.
………….. is the protector of fundamental rights.
Answer:
Supreme Court

Question 5.
………….. principles are the ………….. given to the states.
Answer:
Directive, directions

Question 6.
We have ………….. fundamental rights by the Indian constitution
Answer:
Rights.

MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

III. Match the following:

A B
1. Fundamental rights (a) 2002
2. Public property (b) Right of freedom
3. Written orders by the Court (c) 1955
4. Protection of citizen rights (d) Writ
5. Constitution amendment act (e) School

Answers:
1. (b)
2. (e)
3. (d)
4. (c)
5. (a)

IV. Write ‘true’ or ‘false’:

Question 1.
Fundamental Rights are protected by our Constitution.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Every citizen has rights to follow his own choice religion.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Children below the age of 14 should do the dangerous work.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
International peace and security should be secure.
Answer:
True

MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

Question 5.
Resources of the nation should be preserved.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
Supreme court, protects the fundamental rights. (MP 2009)
Answer:
True

Question 7.
The directive principle of state policy are the creative direction to the state.
Answer:
True

V. Give answers in one word:

Question 1.
The labour below the age of 14 is called. (MP 2012)
Answer:
Child labour

Question 2.
To make India according to the ideas of Gandhijee.
Answer:
Directive principles

Question 3.
Freedom to express views and give speech. (MP 2012)
Answer:
Rights of freedom

MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 14 Constitutional Rights and Duties of Citizens

Question 4.
Highest law of the country.
Answer:
Constitution

Question 5.
Orders given to the state by courts.
Answer:
Writs

Question 6.
Supreme law of country, which consists of the fundamental laws for running society and politics of any country. (MP 2011)
Answer:
Constitution