Students get through the MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 2 Efforts and Successes of Environmental Conservation which are most likely to be asked in the exam.
MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions Chapter 2 Efforts and Successes of Environmental Conservation
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is Chipko Movement? what are its basic elements? (MP 2013)
Answer:
Chipko Movement was started in 1974. it was started for the production of natural resources in Ranigaon. The main aim of chipko movement was to save forest. In 1974 Simond company was given the contract of cutting tress of Angu species in Chamoli District.
This wood was used for making agriculture tools. The use of this wood was prohibited for local people. The forest workers and labourers reached Ranigaon to cut trees. An ordinary woman named Gangadevi resisted cutting of trees. she went door to door and motivated girls and women to voice there revolt.
Under the leadership or Muranlal and Gangadevi about 27 women and girl embraced the trees. Thus a non-violent technic of Chipko was used to save trees. After this event the Rarigaon became the battle field of Chipko movement. Shri Sunderlal Bahuguna walked 2800 km in order to speed up this movement This movement
got the national publicity.
Question 2.
Why is the protection of environment essential?
Or
What objectives are fulfilled by environmental protection?
Answer:
Objectives of environmental protection:
- Environmental imbalance is a burning problem of the world today. To remove pollution environmental protection is essential.
- For the economical and rational use of resources environmental protection is essential.
- Some resources are very less so environmental should be protected.
- To maintain the natural balance wildlife and forest should be protected. For their protection environment protection is essential.
- For the existences of human being environmental protection is necessary.
Question 3.
What is the role of EIA? What are the elements of EIA?
Answer:
The role of EIA because its main aim is to achieve development with minimum harm to the environment and to prevent short-term and long-term adverse effect on the environment.
Aims and Objectives:
- Development without causing damage to environment.
- Maintains of quality of environment.
- Sustainable development so that the present as well as future generations are able to meet their needs.
- Emphasis on prevention rather then cure environmental degradation.
Question 4.
Write short note on silent valley. (MP 2010)
Answer:
Silent valley is a small forest area of Kerala. It is located in western ghats on the south-west slopes of Nilgiri hills. Its total area is 90 km2. It is surrounded by high hills from all the sides. Due to unapproachable tracts this area is uninhabited. This valley is a treasure house of unique and valuable vegetation and animals. The Kuntipuja river flows from the centre of the silent valley.
The Kerala Electricity Board wants to produce hydro electricity by constructing a dam at Kuntipuja river. This proposal has given rise to much environmental debate. The Department of environment asked Kerala government to reconsider the construction of dam.
A committee has been formed regarding this issue. According to report of this committee the silent valley is the homeland of certain unique type of vegetation and forest animals. The equatorial rainforest of this area are safe only in the absence of human disturbances. The committee under the chairman of M.G.K. Menon has recommended that no dam should be constructed as it will lead to the loss to the environment.
The silent valley was declared as national park in 1985. Due to the public movement the valuable rains forests, rare vegetation and animals could be protected.
Question 5.
Describe in detail the efforts for water conservation in Madhya Pradesh.
Answer:
For water conservation in Madhya Pradesh following efforts are made:
1. Rajeev Gandhi water storage mission: It was started to reduce the problems of drought and deforestation. This mission involve consumer at the end point with land and water conservation programme. Under this mission stop dams and ponds were constructed for water storage on local public demand. As a result the quantity of available water increased, soil erosion was prevented, water became easily available for irrigation, plants and animals.
2. Ek Panch Ek Talab: In 1999 Ek Panch Ek Talab scheme was started. The government made it compulsory for the Sarpanch of every Panchayat to construct at least one pond and reform the old one during his office of five years. Thus about 3412 ponds were rebuilt and 500 new ponds were constructed in a duration of less than 15 months. One-fourth of the cost was borne by the people.
3. Pani Roko Abhiyan: It was started in the year 2000. Under it water storage was increased by making small dams. This resulted in the development of 7 lack water catchment areas.
4. Gaon Ka Pani Gaon Mein Evan Khet Ka Pani Khet Mein: This programme was started to store the water in the forms by constructing hedges. This benefited about 20,000 villages.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What things should be kept in mind for conservation of environment?
Answer:
Following things should be kept in the mind for conservation of environment:
Control over population: Population should be controlled to avoid environmental pollution. People are using resources on large scale because of increasing population. Keeping in mind the needs of future it in necessary to conserve plants, animals and other natural resources (water, air, minerals). By controlling population pressure on land and other resources can be reduced.
2. Control on chemical fertilizer: Because of over use of chemical fertilizers and pesticide the fertility of land is affected. The soil is getting polluted because of use of chemical fertilizers. So over use of fertilizer should be avoided.
3. Use of Bio-gas: Bio-gas should be used in place of fuel wood. Excessive cutting of wood is done by village people. Deforestation is also responsible for environmental pollution.
4. Encourage plantation: More and more plantation should be done. It is the best method to protect environment. Trees take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and keep the surrounding free from pollution.
5. Ban on use of plastic: Use of plastic should be banned with the increase use of plastic the water pollution, air and soil pollution is increasing. So it should be stopped.
6. Crop rotation system: For the conservation of soil crop rotation system should be followed. It will increase the fertility of the soil.
7. Ban on huntings of wild animals: Strict rule should be made against hunting of wild animals. For this Bio-reserve should be developed. National parks should be set up.
Question 2.
What do you mean by Chipko Movement? When was it started? What were the causes of their international fame? (MP 2015)
Answer:
Chipko movement is a successful strategy for protecting natural resources. It was started in 1974. An Allahabad based sports production company named Simond was given contract of cutting trees of Angu Species in Chamoli district.
The use of this wood was prohibited for local people. At the same time the forest workers and labourers reached Ranigaon to cut trees, creating much disturbances in the village. An ordinary woman named Gangadevi came forward to resist cutting of trees by the forest labourers. She went door to door and motivated girl and women to voice their revolt. Under the leadership of Murarilal and Gangadevi about 27 women and girl embraced the trees. Thus a non-violent technique of Chipko was used to save trees under the leadership of Gangadevi.
The women said that the forest is their parental home and they would not let it cut at any cost. The women kept on surrounding and embracing trees for two days and nights. After this event of 26th March, 1974 Ranigaon became the battlefield of Chipko movement. Afterwards Shri Sundarlal Bahuguna walked 2800 km in order to support this movement. Looking at the direction and intensity of the movement, the state government finally banned felling of forests in Renigaon.
Chipko movement got international fame: The scope of this movement does not confine to India rather it is extended to Switzerland, Germany and Holland. Woman’s participation in this movement is highly remarkable. The success of Chipko movement has proved that solution to intense problem is not possible by only making laws, rather public awareness and comprehension of rights are also essential for it.
I. Choose the correct alternatives:
Question 1.
In modern agriculture encouragement is given to:
(a) Organic farming
(b) Use of bio-fertilizers
(c) Use of biological pest
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 2.
Last stage of EIA is:
(a) Comprehensive Environmental Assessment
(b) Study of cricket aspects
(c) Rapid Environmental Assessment
(d) Risk analysis
Answer:
(a) Comprehensive Environmental Assessment
Question 3.
In India EIA is the responsibility of:
(a) Ministry of environment and forest
(b) Ministry of defence
(c) Ministry of Tourism
(d) Ministry of agriculture
Answer:
(a) Ministry of environment and forest
Question 4.
Chipko Movement was started in:
(a) Karnataka
(b) Eastern India
(c) Uttarakhand
(d) Kerala
Answer:
(c) Uttarakhand
Question 5.
First of all CNG in India was started in:
(a) Mumbai
(b) Delhi
(c) Kolkata
(d) Chennai
Answer:
(b) Delhi
II. Fill in the blanks:
Question 1.
An ordinary woman named ………… came forward to resist cutting of trees by labourers.
Answer:
Ganga devi
Question 2.
Chipko movement started in …………
Answer:
Ranigaon of Chamoli district
Question 3.
Allahabad based sports production company was named …………
Answer:
Simond
Question 4.
C.N.G. was used for the first time in ………… city.
Answer:
Delhi
Question 5.
In year 2000 under “Pani Roko Abhiyan” ………… water catchment area was developed.
Answer:
7 lacs
III. Match the following:
| A | B |
| 1. Chipko movement | (a) 1999 (MP 2015) |
| 2. Ek Panch Ek Talab | (b) 1994 |
| 3. Silent Valley | (c) 2000 |
| 4. Draught | (d) 1985 |
| 5. Pani Roko Abhiyan | (e) 1974 |
| 6. Less polluting energy resource | (f) C.N.G. (MP 2011) |
Answers:
1. (e)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (b)
5. (c)
6. (f)
IV. Write ‘true’ or ‘false’:
Question 1.
Shri Sunderlal Bahuguna walked 2800 km in order to speed up Chipko movement.
Answer:
True
Question 2.
The aim of EIA is to ensure that development is achieved with minimum degradation of environment.
Answer:
True
Question 3.
Forest cause rainfall.
Answer:
True
Question 4.
Silent valley is a small forest area of Kerala.
Answer:
True
Question 5.
Kuntipuja river flows from the centre of silent valley.
Answer:
True
V. Give answer in one word:
Question 1.
More efficient and less polluting energy resource used for vehicles.
Answer:
C.N.G.
Question 2.
Kerala is a small forest area.
Answer:
Silent valley
Question 3.
Dam is constructed.
Answer:
For storage of water
Question 4.
The year Rajeev Gandhi water storage mission was started.
Answer:
1994
Question 5.
Non-conventional source of energy.
Answer:
Solar energy, wind energy.