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MP Board Class 9th General English Grammar Subject-Verb Concord
किसी sentence में जब subject का verb के साथ सही तालमेल होता है तभी वाक्य शुद्ध होता है। अर्थात् subject के वचन (number) तथा पुरुष (Person) के अनुसार ही verb में आवश्यक परिवर्तन किया जाना चाहिए।
जैसे-
Bird is flying in the sky.
Birds are flying in the sky.
I was singing
They were singing.
इस प्रकार के तालमेल के लिए निम्नलिखित नियम हैं
(1) दो या उससे अधिक Singular subject and से जोड़े जाएँ तो उनके साथ प्रायः Plural का verb आता है। जैसे
(i) Sita and Gita are twins.
(ii) You and your sister do this job well.
(2) यदि दो singular nouns (संज्ञाएँ) एक ही व्यक्ति या वस्तु का बोध कराती हैं, तो वहाँ singular verb का प्रयोग होता है। जैसे
(i) You and I am wrong.
(ii) My brother and guide has come.
(3) अगर singular कर्ता से पहले Each या Every का प्रयोग होता है तो singular verb का प्रयोग होता है। जैसे
(i) Every day brings hope.
(ii) Each student is prepared.
(4) Either….or, neither…..nor, के बाद हमेशा singular verb आती है। जैसे-
(i) Neither is he happy nor sad.
(ii) Either Ram or Shyam has done this work.
(5) यदि कर्ता को or, nor से जोड़ा जाए और वचन भिन्न हो तो बहुवचन की क्रिया (verb) का प्रयोग होता है। जैसे
(i) Either the boy or his friends have done this.
(6) Collective Noun के साथ पूरे समूह का भाव व्यक्त करने के लिए एकवचन क्रिया (verb) का प्रयोग करते हैं। परन्तु अगर एकवचन क्रिया का बोध कराना हो तो Plural verb का प्रयोग करते हैं। जैसे
(i) The police were chasing the thief.
(ii) The committee has decided this.
(7) जो Noun देखने में बहुवचन लगते हैं पर भाव में एकवचन ही होते हैं उनके साथ singular verb का प्रयोग करते हैं। जैसे
The wages of sin is death.
(8) कुछ Noun देखने में Singular लगते हैं परन्तु उनका अर्थ Plural होता है। उनके साथ Plural verb का प्रयोग करते हैं। जैसे
People are sad.
(9) कभी-कभी हम Verb का निकटतम Plural Subject के साथ मेल कर देते हैं। इस तरह वास्तविक subject की अनदेखी हो जाती है। हमें इस गलती से सावधान रहना चाहिए। जैसे-
(i) Neither of the women was present.
(ii) The quality of the oranges was good.
(10) Plural Noun जो किसी देश का नाम है या किताब का नाम है उसके बाद singular verb का प्रयोग होता है। जैसे
(i) The United States has a strong army.
(ii) The Gathering is a good novel.
Exercise-1
Fill in the blanks with correct words from those in brackets.
1. No news …………………….. bad news. (is/are)
2. The meeting …………………….. chosen a president. (has/have)
3. Each of the suspected men …………………….. been interrogated. (has/have)
4. Rice and curry …………………….. his favorite dish. (is/are)
5. All work and no play …………………….. Jack a dull boy. (make/makes)
Answer:
1. is,
2. has,
3. has,
4. are,
5. makes.
Exercise-2
Correct the following sentences.
1. Ten thousand rupees are a good sum.
2. Bread and butter are my food.
3. He and not you deserve this reward.
4. This pair of scissors are sharp.
5. Either you or your brother have done this.
6. The jury were of one mind.
7. None of them are rotten.
8. He as well as his parents are illiterate.
9. The king and poet are here.
10. Your spectacles is dirty.
Answer:
1. Ten thousand rupees is a good sum.
2. Bread and butter is my food.
3. He and not you deserve this reward.
4. This pair of scissors is sharp.
5. Either you or your brother has done this.
6. The jury was of one mind.
7. None of them is rotten.
8. He as well as his parents is illiterate.
9. The king and poet is here.
10. Your spectacles are dirty.
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