MP Board Class 9th Books Solutions

• MP Board Class 9th Maths Solutions (गणित)
• MP Board Class 9th Science Solutions (विज्ञान)
• MP Board Class 9th Social Science Solutions (सामाजिक विज्ञान)
• MP Board Class 9th English Solutions (अंग्रेज़ी)
• MP Board Class 9th Hindi Solutions (हिंदी)
• MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit Solutions (संस्कृत)
• MP Board Class 9th Social Science Important Questions

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Students can also download MP Board 10th Model Papers to help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

MP Board Class 10th Books Solutions

• MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions (गणित)
• MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions (विज्ञान)
• MP Board Class 10th Social Science Solutions (सामाजिक विज्ञान)
• MP Board Class 10th English Solutions (अंग्रेज़ी)
• MP Board Class 10th Hindi Solutions (हिंदी)
• MP Board Class 10th Sanskrit Solutions (संस्कृत)
• MP Board Class 10th English Important Questions

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MP Board Class 11th Chemistry Solutions Chapter 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

MP Board Class 11 Chemistry Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Calculate the molecular mass of the following:
(i) H₂O
(ii) CO₂
(Hi) CH₄.
Solution.
(i) Molecular mass of H₂O = 2(1.008 u) + 16.00 u = 18.016 u
(ii) Molecular mass of CO₂ = 12.01 u + 2 × 16.00 u = 44.01 u
(iii) Molecular mass of CH₂ = 12.01 u + 4(1.008 u) = 16.042 u

Question 2.
Calculate the mass per cent of different elements present in sodium sulphate (Na2S04).
Solution.
Mass % of an element = \(\frac{\text { Mass of that element in the compound }}{\text { Molecular mass of the compound }} \times 100\)
Molecular mass of Na₂SO₄ = 2(23.0)+32.0+4 × 16.0 = 142 g mol^-1
Mass per cent of sodium = \(\frac{46}{142}\) × 100 = 32.39 %
Mass per cent of sulphur = \(\frac{32}{142}\) × 100 = 22.54 %
Mass per cent of oxygen = \(\frac{64}{142}\) × 100 = 45.07 %

Question 3.
Determine the empirical formula of an oxide of iron which has 69.9% iron and 30.1% dioxygen by mass. (Atomic mass: Fe = 55.85 amu, O = 16.00 amu).
Solution.

Therefore, the empirical formula = Fe₂O₃ .

Question 4.
Calculate the amount of carbon dioxide that could be produced when
(i) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in air.
(ii) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in 16 g of dioxygen.
(iii) 2 moles of carbon are burnt in 16 g of dioxygen.
Solution.
The balanced equation for the combustion of carbon in dioxygen or air is

(i) In air, combustion is complete.
Hence, 1 mole of carbon on combustion produces CO₂ = 44 g.
(ii) As only 16 g of dioxygen is available, it is the limiting reactant.
Hence, CO₂ produced = \(\frac{44}{32}\) × 16 = 22 g.
(iii) Here again, dioxygen is the limiting reactant.
Therefore, CO₂ produced from 16 g dioxygen
= \(\frac{44}{32}\) × 16 = 22 g.

Question 5.
Calculate the mass of sodium acetate (CH₃COONa) required to make 500 mL of 0.375 molar aqueous solution. Molar mass of sodium acetate is 82.0245 g mol^-1.
Solution.
0.375 M aqueous solution means that 1000 mL of the solution contains sodium acetate = 0.375 mole
∴ 500 mL of the solution should contain sodium acetate
= \(\frac{0.375}{2}\) mole = \(\frac{0.375}{2}\) × 82.0245 g

Hence, mass of sodium acetate required
= \(\frac{0.375}{2}\) mole × 82.0245 g mol^-1
= 15.380 g.

Question 6.
Calculate the concentration of nitric acid in moles per litre in a sample which has a density, 1.41 g mL^-1 and mass per cent of nitric acid in it being 69%.
Solution.
Mass per cent of 69% means that 100 g of nitric acid solution contains 69 g of nitric acid.
Molar mass of nitric acid (HNO₃) = 1 + 14 + 48 = 63 g mol^-1
∴ Moles in 69 g HNO₃ = \(\frac{69 \mathrm{~g}}{63 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}}\) = 1.095 mole

Volume of 100 g nitric acid solution = \(\frac{100 \mathrm{~g}}{1.41 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mL}^{-1}}\) = 70.92 mL = 0.07092 L
∴ Cone, of HNO₃ in moles per litre = \(\frac{1.095 \mathrm{~mole}}{0.07092 \mathrm{~L}}\) = 15.44 M.

Alternatively, (shortcut)
Molarity = \(\frac{\text { Mass per cent } \times \text { density } \times 10}{\text { Molecular mass }}\)
= \(\frac{69 \times 1.41 \times 10}{63}\)
= 15.44 M.

Question 7.
How much copper can be obtained from 100 g of copper sulphate (CuSO₄)?
(Atomic mass of Cu = 63.5 u).
Solution.
Molar mass of CuS04 = 63.5 + 32 + 4 × 16 = 159.5 g mol^-1

Thus, 159.5 g of CuSO₄ shall give Cu = 63.5 g
Hence, Cu that can be obtained from 100 g of CuSO₄ = \(\frac{63.5}{159.5}\) × 100
= 39.81 g.

Question 8.
Determine the molecular formula of an oxide of iron in which the mass per cent of iron and oxygen are 69.9 and 30.1 respectively. Given that the molar mass of the oxide is 159.8 g mol^-1 (Atomic mass: Fe = 55.85, O = 16.00 u).
Solution.

Therefore, the empirical formula = Fe₂O₃.
Empirical formula mass of Fe₂O₃ = 2 × 55.85 + 3 × 16.00 = 159.7 g mol^-1
Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula
∴ n = \(\frac{\text { Molar mass }}{\text { Empirical formula mass }}\) = \(\frac{159.8}{159.7}\) = 1
Hence, molecular formula is same as empirical formula, viz., Fe₂O₃.

Question 9.
Calculate the atomic mass (average) of chlorine using the following data:

Solution.
Average atomic mass = \(\frac{\text { R. } A(1) \times \text { At. }{mass}(1)+R . A(2) \times \text { At. mass }(2)}{\text { R.A (1) + R.A (2) }}\) (R.A. = Relative abundance)
Average atomic mass = (0.7577) (34.9689 u) + (0.2423) (36.9659 u) = 26.4959 + 8.9568 = 35.4527.

Question 10.
In three moles of ethane (C₂H₆), calculate the following:
(i) Number of moles of carbon atoms
(ii) Number of moles of hydrogen atoms
(iii) Number of molecules of ethane.
Solution.
(i) 1 mole of C₂H₆ contains 2 moles of carbon atoms
∴ 3 moles of C₂H₆ will contain C-atoms = 6 moles

(ii) 1 mole of C₂H₆ contains 6 moles of hydrogen atoms
∴ 3 moles of C₂H₆ will contain H-atoms = 18 moles

(iii) 1 mole of C₂H₆ contains Avogadro’s number, i.e., 6.02 × 10²³ molecules
∴ 3 moles of C₂H₆ will contain ethane molecules
= 3 × 6.02 × 10²³
= 18.06 × 10²³ molecules.

Question 11.
What is the concentration of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) in mol L^-1 if its 20 g are dissolved in enough water to make a final volume up to 2 L?
Solution.
Molar mass of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁)
= 12 × 12 + 22 × 1 + 11 × 16 = 342 g mol^-1

Number of moles in 20 g of sugar = \(\frac{20 \mathrm{~g}}{342 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}}\) = 0.0585 mole
Molar concentration = \(\frac{\text { Moles of solute }}{\text { Volume of sol. in L }}\) = \(\frac{0.0585}{2}\)
= 0.0293 M.

Question 12.
If the density of methanol is 0.793 kg L^-1, what is its volume needed for making 2.5 L of its 0.25 M solution ?
Solution.
Molar mass of methanol (CH₃OH)
= 32 g mol^-1 = 0.032 kg mol^-1
1 litre of 0.25 M CH₃OH contains moles of CH₃OH = 0.25
∴ 2.5 L of 0.25 M CH₃OH will contain moles = 0.25 × 2.5 = 0.625

Mass of 0.625 moles of CH₃OH = 0.625 × 32 = 20 g
The density of CH₃OH is 0.793 kgL^-1 or 0.793 g cm^-3
Hence, volume of methanol required volume = \(\frac{\text { mass }}{\text { density }}\)
= \(\frac{20 \mathrm{~g}}{0.793 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}}\)
= 25.22 mL.

Question 13.
Pressure is determined as force per unit area of the surface. The S.I. unit of pressure, pascal, is as shown below: ,
1 Pa = 1 Nm^-2 .
If mass of air at sea level is 1034 g cm^-2, calculate the pressure in pascal. Solution. Pressure is the force (i.e., weight) acting per unit area But weight (W) = mg

∴ Pressure = Weight per unit area = \(\frac{1034 \mathrm{~g} \times 9.8 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~s}^{-2}}{\mathrm{~cm}^{2}}\)
= \(\frac{1034 \mathrm{~g} \times 9.8 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~s}^{-2}}{\mathrm{~cm}^{-2}} \times \frac{1 \mathrm{~kg}}{1000 \mathrm{~g}} \times \frac{100 \mathrm{~cm} \times 100 \mathrm{~cm}}{1 \mathrm{~m} \times 1 \mathrm{~m}} \times \frac{1 \mathrm{~N}}{\mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~s}^{-2}} \times \frac{1 \mathrm{~Pa}}{1 \mathrm{Nm}^{-2}}\)
= 1.01332 × 10⁵ Pa

Question 14.
What is the S.I. unit of mass? How is it defined?
Solution.
S.I. unit of mass is kilogram (kg). For definition, Mass of a substance is the amount of matter present in it.

Question 15.
Match the following prefixes with their multiples :
Prefixes Multiplies
(i) micro 10⁶
(ii) deca 10⁹
(iii) mega 10^-6
(iv) giga 10^-15
(v) femto 10
Solution.
micro = 10^-6, deca = 10, mega = 10^-6, giga = 10⁹, femto = 10^-15.

Question 16.
What do you mean by significant figure?
Solution.
The number of significant figures in a measured quantity is equal to the number of digits whose values are known with certainty, plus the first uncertain digit.

Question 17.
A sample of drinking water was found to be severely contaminated with chlo¬roform, CHCl₃, supposed to be carcinogen. The level of contamination was 15 ppm (by mass).
(i) Express this in per cent by mass.
(ii) Determine the molality of chloroform in the water sample.
Solution.
(i) 15 ppm means 15 parts in million (10⁶) parts
∴ % by mass = \(\frac{15}{10^{6}}\) x 100
= 15 × 10^-4
= 1.5 × 10^-3%

(ii) Molar mass of chloroform (CHCl₃)
= 12 + 1 + 3 × 25.5
= 119.5 g mol^-1
100 g of the sample contain chloroform = 1.5 × 10^-3 g
∴ 1000 g (1 kg) of the sample will contain chloroform = \(\frac{1.5 \times 10^{-3}}{100}\) = 1.5 × 10^-2 g

Moles of chloroform in 1 kg (m)
= \(\frac{1.5 \times 10^{-2}}{119.5}\) = 1.255 × 10^-4
∴ Molality = 1.255 × 10^-4m.

Question 18.
Express the following in scientific notation:
(i) 0.0048
(ii) 234,000
(iii) 8008
(iv) 500.0
(v) 6.0012.
Solution.
(i) 4.8 × 10^-3
(ii) 2.34 × 10⁵
(iii) 8.008 × 10³
(iv) 5.000 × 10²
(v) 6.0012 × 10°

Question 19.
How many significant figures are present in the following?
(i) 0.0025
(ii) 208
(iii) 5005
(iv) 126,000
(v) 500.0
(vi) 2.0034
Solution.
(i) 2
(ii) 3
(iii) 4
(iv) 3
(v) 4
(vi) 5.

Question 20.
Round up the following up to three significant figures:
(i) 34.216
(ii) 10.4107
(iii) 0.04597
(iv) 2808
Solution.
(i) 34.2
(ii) 10.4
(iii) 0.0460
(iv) 2810.

Question 21.
The following data were obtained when dinitrogen and dioxygen react together to form different compounds:
(i) 14 g 16 g
(ii) 14 g 32 g
(iii) 28 g 32 g
(iv) 28 g 80 g
(a) Which law of chemical combination is obeyed data? Give its statement.
(b) Fill in the blanks in the following conversions:

Solution.
(a) Taking the fixed mass of dinitrogen as 28 g the mass of dioxygen combined will be 32, 64, 32 and 80 g in the given four oxides. These are in the ratio 2: 4: 2: 5 which is a simple whole-number ratio. Hence, the given data obeys the law of multiple proportions.

= 10^-3 dm³

Question 22.
If the speed of light is 3.0 × 10⁸ ms^-1, calculate the distance covered by light in 2.00 ns.
Solution.
Distance covered = Speed × Time
= 3.0 × 10⁸ ms^-1 × 2.00 ns
= 3.0 × 10⁸ ms^-1 × 2.00 ns × \(\frac{10^{-9} \mathrm{~s}}{1 \mathrm{~ns}}\) = 6.00 × 10^-1 m
= 0.600 m

Question 23.
In the reaction, A + B₂→ AB₂, identify the limiting reagent, if any, in the following mixtures:
(i) 300 atoms of A + 200 molecules of B
(ii) 2 mol A + 3 mol B
(iii) 100 atoms of A + 100 molecules of B
(iv) 5 mol A + 2.5 mol B
(v) 2.5 mol A + 5 mol B.
Solution.
(i) According to the given reaction, 1 atom of A reacts with 1 molecule of B.
∴200 molecules of B will react with 200 atoms of A and 100 atoms of A will be left unreacted. Hence, B is the limiting reagent while A is the excess reagent.

(ii) According to the given reaction, 1 mol of A reacts with 1 mol of B
∴ 2 mol of A will react with 2 mol of B. Hence, A is the limiting reactant.
(iii) No limiting reagent.

(iv) 2.5 mol of B will react with 2.5 mol A as per the given equation. Hence, B is the
limiting reagent.
(v) 2.5 mol of A will react with 2.5 mol of B. Hence, A is the limiting reagent.

Question 24.
Dinitrogen and dihydrogen react with each other to produce ammonia according to the following chemical equation:
N₂(g) + 3 H₂ (g) → 2 NH₃(g)
(i) Calculate the mass of ammonia produced if 2.00 × 10³ g dinitrogen reacts with 1.00 × 10³ g dihydrogen.
(ii) Will any of the two reactants remain unreacted?
(iii) If yes, which one and what would be its mass?
Solution.
(i) According to given equation, 28 g of N₂ reacts with 3 mol of H₂, i.e., 6 g of H₂
∴ 2000 g of N₂ will react with H₂ = \(\frac{6}{28}\) × 2000 g
= 428.6 g.

Amount of H₂ given = 1000 g
Thus, N₂ is the limiting reagent while H₂ is the excess reagent.
As 28 g of N₂ produce NH₃ = 2 × 17 = 34 g
∴ 2000 g of N2 will produce NH₃ = \(\frac{34}{28}\) × 2000 g
= 2428.57 g
(ii) H₂ will remain unreacted.
(iii) Mass of H₂ left unreacted = 1000 g – 428.6 g = 571.4 g.

Question 25.
How are 0.50 mol Na₂CO₃ and 0.50 M Na₂CO₃ different?
Solution.
Molar mass of Na₂CO₃ = 2 × 23 + 12 + 3 × 16 = 106 g mol^-1
0.50 mol Na₂CO₃ means 0.50 × 106 g = 53 g
0.50 M Na₂CO₃ means 0.50 mol, i.e., 53 g Na₂CO₃ are present in 1 litre of the solution.

Question 26.
If ten volumes of dihydrogen gas reacts with five volumes of dioxygen gas, how many volumes of water vapour could be produced?
Solution.
H₂ and O₂ react according to the balanced equation given as:
2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g)
From the equation it is clear that, 2 volumes of H₂ react with 1 volume of O₂ to produce 2 volumes of water vapour.
Hence, 10 volumes of H₂ will react completely with 5 volumes of O₂ to produce 10 volumes of water vapour.

Question 27.
Convert the following into basic units:
(i) 28.7 pm
(ii) 15.15 µs
(iii) 25365 mg
Solution.
(i) 28.7 pm = 28.7 pm × \(\frac{10^{-12} \mathrm{~m}}{1 \mathrm{pm}}\)
= 2.87 × 10^-11 m
(ii) 15.15 µs = 15.15 µs × \(\frac{10^{-6} \mathrm{~s}}{1 \mu \mathrm{s}}\)
= 1.515 × 10^-5 s

(iii) 2536a mg = 2o365 mg × \(\frac{1 \mathrm{~g}}{1000 \mathrm{mg}}\) × \(\frac{1 \mathrm{~kg}}{1000 \mathrm{~g}}\)
= 2.5365 × 10^-2 kg

Question 28.
Which one of the following will have largest number of atoms?
(i) 1 g Au (s)
(ii) 1 g Na (s)
(iii) 1 g Li (s)
(iv) 1 g of Cl₂(g)
(Atomic masses: Au = 197, Na = 23, Li = 7, Cl = 35.5 u)
Solution.

Thus, 1 g of Li has the largest number of atoms.

Question 29.
Calculate the molarity of a solution of ethanol in water in which the mole fraction of ethanol is 0.040.
Solution.
Given mole fraction of ethanol (X_Et0H) = 0.04 i.e.,
X_Et0H = \(\frac{n_{\mathrm{EtOH}}}{n_{\mathrm{EtOH}}+n_{\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}}}\)
As molality of solution is to be calculated, therefore amount of water to be taken
1 kg = 1000 g
n_H2O = \(\frac{1000}{18}\) = 55.55 moles
Hence, 0.04 = \(\frac{n_{\mathrm{EtOH}}}{n_{\mathrm{EtOH}}+55.55}\)
or n_EtOH = 0.04 × n_EtOH + 55.55 × 0.04
or n_EtOH – 0.04 n_EtOH = 2.222
or 0.96 n_EtOH = 2.222
Hence, n_EtOH = \(\frac{2.222}{0.96}\)
= 2.314

Question 30.
What will be the mass of one ¹²C atom in g?
Solution.
1 mol of ¹²C atoms = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms has mass = 12 g
∴ 1 atom of ¹²C will have mass = \(\frac{12}{6.022 \times 10^{23}} \mathrm{~g}\) = 1.99 × 10^-23 g

Question 31.
How many significant figures should be present in the answer of the following calculations?
(i) \(\frac{0.02856 \times 298.15 \times 0.112}{0.5785}\)
(ii) 5 × 5.364
(iii) 0.0125 +0.7864+0.0215
Solution.
(i) The least precise term has 3 significant figures (;i.e in 0.112). Hence, the answer should have 3 significant figures.
(ii) Leaving the exact number (5), the second term has 4 significant figures. Hence, the answer should have 4 significant figures.
(iii) In the given addition, the least number of decimal places in the term is 4. Hence, the answer should have 4 significant.

Question 32.
Use the data given in the following table to calculate the molar mass of natu¬rally occurring argon.

Solution. Molar mass of Ar = 35.96755 × 0.00337 + 37.96272 × 0.00063 + 39.96924 × 0.99600
= 39.948 g mol^-1.

Question 33.
Calculate the number of atoms in each of the following:
(i) 52 moles of He
(ii) 52 u of He
(iii) 52 g of He
Solution.
(i) 1 mol of He = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms
∴ 52 mol of He = 52 × 6.022 × 10²³ atoms
= 3.13 × 10²⁵ atoms

(ii) 1 atom of He has a mass = 4 u
∴ 52 u of He has number of atoms = \(\frac{1}{4}\) × 52 atoms = 13 atoms
(iii) 1 mole of He has a mass = 4 g = 6.022 ×10²³ atoms ,
∴ 52 g of He will contain atoms= \(\frac{6.022 \times 10^{23}}{4}\) × 52 atoms
= 7.8286 × 10²⁴ atoms.

Question 34.
A welding fuel gas contains carbon and hydrogen only. Burning a small sample of it in oxygen gives 3.38 g carbon dioxide, 0.690 g of water and no other products. A volume of 10.0 L (measured at S.T.P.) of this welding gas is found to weigh 11.6 g. Calculate
(i) empirical formula
(ii) molar mass of the gas, and
(iii) molecular formula.
Solution.
Mass of carbon in 3.38 g CO₂
= \(\frac{12}{44}\) × 3.38 g = 0.9218 g
Mass of hydrogen in 0.690 g H₂O
= \(\frac{2}{18}\) × 0.690 g = 0.0767 g

As compound contains only C and H, therefore, total mass of the compound
= 0.9218 + 0.0767 g = 0.9985 g
% of C in the compound = \(\frac{0.9218}{0.9985}\) × 100 = 92.32
% of H in the compound = \(\frac{0.0767}{0.9985}\) × 100 = 7.68
Calculation of Empirical Formula

Therefore, the empirical formula = CH
Calculation of Molar Mass
10.0 L of the gas at S.T.P. weigh = 11.6 g
∴ 22.4 L of the gas at S.T.P. will weigh = \(\frac{11.6}{10.0}\) × 22.4 = 25.984 g
Thus, molar mass = 25.98 g mol^-1
Empirical formula mass of CH = 12 + 1 = 13
Calculation of Molecular Formula
Molecular mass 25.98
∴ n =\(\frac{\text { Molecular mass }}{\text { E.F. mass }}\) =\(\frac{25.98}{13}\) = 1.998 = 2.0
∴ Molecular formula = (CH)₂
= C₂H₂

Question 35.
Calcium carbonate reacts with aqueous HC1 according to the reaction
CaCO₃ (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl₂ (aq) + CO₂ (g) + H₂O (l).
What mass of CaCO₃ is required to react completely with 25 ml, of 0.75 M HCl?
Solution.
Step 1. To calculate mass of HCl in 25 mL of 0.75 M HCl
1000 mL of 0.75 M HCl contain HCl
= 0.75 mol = 0.75 × 36.5 g
= 27.375 g
∴ 25 mL of 0.75 HC1 will contain HCl
= \(\frac{27.375}{1000}\) × 25 g
= 0.6844 g.

Step 2. To calculate mass of CaCO₃ reacting completely with 0.6844 g of HCl
73 g HC1 react completely with CaCO₃ = 100 g
∴ 0.6844 g HCl will react completely with CaCO₃
= \(\frac{100}{73}\) × 0.6844 g 73
= 0.9375 g.

Question 36.
Chlorine is prepared in the laboratory by treating manganese dioxide (MnO₂) with aqueous hydrochloric acid according to the reaction.
4 HCl (aq) + MnO₂(s)→ 2 H₂O(l) + MnCl₂ (aq) + Cl₂ (g)
How many grams of HC1 react with 5.0 g of manganese dioxide? (Atomic mass of Mn = 55 u).
Solution.
1 mol of MnO₂, i.e., 55 + 32 = 87 g, 1 mole of HCl = 36.5 g.
∴ 87 g of MnO₂, react HCl = 4 × 36.5
∴ 5.0 g of Mn02 will react with HCl = \(\frac{4 \times 36.5}{87}\) × 5.0 g
= 8.39 g.

MP Board Class 11 Chemistry Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Name the disease for which Cisplatin is an effective drug.
Answer:
Cancer.

Question 2.
Name the disease for which taxol is used.
Answer:
Cancer.

Question 3.
Name the drug used for helping AIDS victims.
Answer:
AZT (Azidothymidine).

Question 4.
Which refrigerant is responsible for ozone depletion in stratosphere?
Answer:
CFC (Chloro Fluoro Carbons).

Question 5.
What is a unit?
Answer:
A unit may be defined as the standard of reference choose to measure or express any quantity.

Question 6.
What is meant by fundamental quantities?
Answer:
All physical quantities may be expressed in terms of selected basic quantities called fundamental quantities.

Question 7.
What is derived unit?
Answer:
Any unit obtained by multiplying or dividing one fundamental unit by another fundamental unit is known as derived unit. e.g., unit of area.

Question 8.
Define molar mass.
Answer:
Molar mass is the mass of 1 mole particles of the substance.

Question 9.
What is relative molecular mass?
Answer:
The relative molecular mass of a substance is the sum of relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms present in a molecule of the substance.

Question 10.
Define number of significant figures.
Answer:
The number of significant figures in a measured quantity is the number of digits whose values are known plus the first digit of uncertain values.

Question 11.
What do you mean by rounding off a number?
Answer:
Rounding off a number means that figures that are not significant for the purpose at hard are dropped.

Question 12.
Define the term precision and accuracy.
Answer:
Precision refers to the closeness of the set of values obtained for identical measurements of a quantity.
Accuracy refers to the closeness of a single measurement to its true value.

Question 13.
How is mole related to volume of gases?
Answer:
1 mole = 22.4 L of gas at N.T.P.

Question 14.
What is a molecule?
Answer:
Molecule is an unchained collection of two or more atoms joined by bond e.g., O₂, Cl₂, CO₂ etc.

Question 15.
What is a homogeneous mixture?
Answer:
A homogenous mixture is a mixture that has same composition throughout. Its components are indistinguishable, e.g., a gaseous mixture, a liquid solution.

Question 16.
Give one example each of
(i) Solid homogeneous mixture
(ii) Gaseous homogeneous solution
Answer:
(i) An alloy e.g., brass, bronze etc.
(ii) Air

Question 17.
State and explain the law of constant composition.
Answer:
Law of constant composition states that a chemical compound is always found to be made up of the same elements combined together in the same ratio by weight, e.g., the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in pure water is always 1: 8 by weight.

Question 18.
State the law of multiple proportion.
Answer:
Law of multiple proportions states that if two elements A and B combine to give two or more compounds, then the weights of A which combines with fixed weight of B, bear a simple ratio to one another.

Question 19.
State the Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volumes.
Answer:
Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volumes states when gases react together they do so in volumes that bear a simple ratio to one another and the volumes of products (if gaseous), all volumes being measured under similar conditions of temperature and pressure.

Question 20.
State Avogadro’s law.
Answer:
Avogadro’s law states “equal volumes of all gases under similar conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules”.

Question 21.
Define mole.
Answer:
A mole is the amount of substance that contains as many entities (atoms, molecules or other particles) as there are atoms in exactly 0.012 kg (or 12 g) or carbon-12 isotope.

Question 22.
What is Avogadro’s number?
Answer:
Avogadro’s number (N_A) is equal to 6.023 × 10²³ particles.

Question 23.
Define one atomic mass unit (amu).
Answer:
Atomic mass unit (amu) is defined as \(\frac{1}{12}\) th of the mass of ¹²C isotope.

Question 24.
What do you mean by fractional abundance of an isotope?
Answer:
Fractional abundance of an isotope is the fraction of the total number of atoms that is composed of a particular isotope.

Question 25.
What is meant by atomicity of a gas?
Answer:
Atomicity is the number of atoms present in one molecule of a gas.

Question 26.
Write the units of molarity.
Answer:
Mol L^-1.

Question 27.
What is meant by molarity of a solution?
Answer:
The molarity (M) of a solute in solution is defined as the number of moles of a solute present in one litre of solution.
Molarity =\(\frac{\text { Moles of solute }}{\text { Litres of solution }}\).

Question 28.
How many atoms are present in one gram-atom of an element?
Answer:
6.023 × 10²³ atoms.

Question 29.
Define molecular formula.
Answer:
Molecular formula is that formula of a compound that gives the actual number of atoms of various elements present in a molecule of the compound.

Question 30.
What is limiting reagent?
Answer:
Limiting reagent is that reagent which is completely consumed during the reaction.

Question 31.
What do you mean by chemical stoichiometry?
Answer:
It is that area of chemistry and chemical technology on which the determination of the quantities of reactants or products of a chemical reaction is based.

Question 32.
What are isotopes?
Answer:
Isotopes are atoms of the same element which have different mass number. Isotopes of an element are having some chemical properties but different physical properties.

Question 33.
Write the uses of isotopes.
Answer:
Uses of isotopes are:
(i) Isotope of uranium is used as fuel in nuclear reactors.
(ii) Isotope of cobalt is used in treatment of cancer.
(iv) Isotope of iodine is used in treatment of goitre.

MP Board Class 11th Physics Important Questions with Answers

MP Board Class 11th Physics Important Questions in Hindi Medium

• Chapter 1 भौतिक जगत Important Questions
• Chapter 2 मात्रक एवं मापन Important Questions
• Chapter 3 सरल रेखा में गति Important Questions
• Chapter 4 समतल में गति Important Questions
• Chapter 5 गति के नियम Important Questions
• Chapter 6 कार्य, ऊर्जा और शक्ति Important Questions
• Chapter 7 कणों के निकाय तथा घूर्णी गति Important Questions
• Chapter 8 गुरुत्वाकर्षण Important Questions
• Chapter 9 ठोसों के यांत्रिक गुण Important Questions
• Chapter 10 तरलों के यांत्रिकी गुण Important Questions
• Chapter 11 द्रव्य के तापीय गुण Important Questions
• Chapter 12 ऊष्मागतिकी Important Questions
• Chapter 13 अणुगति सिद्धांत Important Questions
• Chapter 14 दोलन Important Questions
• Chapter 15 तरंगें Important Questions

MP Board Class 11th Physics Important Questions in English Medium

• Chapter 1 Physical World Important Questions
• Chapter 2 Units and Measurements Important Questions
• Chapter 3 Motion in a Straight Line Important Questions
• Chapter 4 Motion in a Plane Important Questions
• Chapter 5 Laws of Motion Important Questions
• Chapter 6 Work, Energy and Power Important Questions
• Chapter 7 System of Particles and Rotational Motion Important Questions
• Chapter 8 Gravitation Important Questions
• Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids Important Questions
• Chapter 10 Mechanical Properties of Fluids Important Questions
• Chapter 11 Thermal Properties of Matter Important Questions
• Chapter 12 Thermodynamics Important Questions
• Chapter 13 Kinetic Theory Important Questions
• Chapter 14 Oscillations Important Questions
• Chapter 15 Waves Important Questions

Thus, MP Board Class 11th Physics Important Questions with Answers would help them to prepare for board examinations.

MP Board Class 11th Business Studies Important Questions with Answers

MP Board Class 11th Business Studies: Foundation of Business Important Questions with Answers

• Chapter 1 Nature and Purpose of Business
• Chapter 2 Forms of Business Organisation
• Chapter 3 Private, Public and Global Enterprises
• Chapter 4 Business Services
• Chapter 5 Emerging Modes of Business
• Chapter 6 Social Responsibility of Business and Business Ethics
• Chapter 7 Formation of a Company

MP Board Class 11th Business Studies: Finance and Trade Important Questions with Answers

• Chapter 8 Sources of Business Finance
• Chapter 9 Small Business
• Chapter 10 Internal Trade
• Chapter 11 International Business

MP Board Class 11th Business Studies Syllabus and Marking Scheme

Latest Syllabus and Marks Distribution Business Studies Class XI for the academic year 2019 – 2020 Examination.

Business Studies
Class XI

Time : 3 Hours.
Maximum Marks: 100

Unit Wise Division of Marks

Part A: Foundations of Business (50 Marks)

1. Nature and Purpose of Business

• Concept and characteristics of the business.
• Business, profession and employment: Meaning and their distinctive features.
• Objectives of business: Economic and social, the role of profit in business.
• Classification of business activities: Industry and Commerce.
• Industry: Types: Primary, secondary, tertiary: Meaning and subtypes.
• Commerce: Trade – Types (internal, external, wholesale and retail) and auxiliaries to trade: Banking, insurance, transportation, warehousing, communication and advertising.
• Business risks: Meaning, nature and causes.

2. Forms of Business Organisation

• Sole proprietorship: Meaning, features, merits and limitations.
• Partnership: Features, Types, merits and limitations of partnership and partners, registration of a partnership firm, partnership deed. Type of partners.
• Hindu undivided family business: Features
• Co-operative societies: Features, Types, merits and limitations.
• Company: Private and public company: Features, merits and limitations.
• Formation of a company: Four stages, important document (MOA, AOA) relevances of the certificate of incorporation and certificate of commencement.
• Starting a business: Basic factors.

3. Public, Private and Global Enterprises

• Private sector and public sector enterprises.
• Forms of public sector enterprises: Features, merits and limitations of departmental undertakings, statutory corporation and Government Company.
• Changing role of public sector enterprises.
• Global enterprises, joint ventures and public-private partnership: Features.

4. Business Services

• Banking: Types of bank accounts: Savings, current, recurring, fixed deposit and multiple option deposit account.
• Banking services with particular reference to the issue of bank draft, banker’s cheque (pay order), RTGS (Real Time Gross Settlement) NEFT (National Electronic Funds Transfer), bank overdraft, cash credits and e-banking.
• Insurance: Principles, the concept of life, health, fire and marine insurance.
• Postal and telecom services: Mail (UPC, registered post, parcel, speed post and courier) and other services.

5. Emerging Modes of Business

• E-business: Scope and benefits, resources required for successful E-business implementation, Online transactions, Payment mechanism, security and safety of business transactions.
• Outsourcing: Concept, Need and scope of BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) and KPO (Knowledge Process Outsourcing).
• Smart cards and ATM’s meaning and utility.

6. Social Responsibility of Business and Business Ethics

• Concept of social responsibility.
• Case for social responsibility.
• Responsibility towards owners, investors, consumers, employees, government and community.
• Environment protection and business.

Part B: Finance and Trade (50 Marks)

7. Sources of Business Finance

• Concept of business finance.
• Owner’s funds: Equity shares, preference share, GDR, ADR, IDR and retained earnings.
• Borrowed funds: Debentures and bonds, the loan from a financial institution, loans from commercial banks, public deposits, trade credit, ICD (inter-corporate deposits).

8. Small Business

• Small scale enterprise as defined by MSMED Act 2006 (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development Act).
• Role of small business in India with special reference to rural areas.
• Government schemes and agencies for small scale industries: NSIC (National Small Industries Corporation) and DIC (District Industrial Center) with special reference to rural, backward and hilly areas.

9. Internal Trade

• Services rendered by a wholesaler and a retailer.
• Types of retail: Trade: Itinerant and small scale fixed shops.
• Large scale retailers: Departmental stores, Chain stores, Mail order business.
• Concept of Automatic Vending Machine.
• Chambers of commerce and industry: Basic functions.
• Main documents used in internal trade: Performa invoice, invoice, debit note, credit note. LR (Lorry receipt) and RR (Railway Receipt)
• Terms of trade: COD (Cash on Delivery), FOB (Free on Board), CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight), E&OE (Errors and Omissions Excepted)

10. International Business

• Meaning, the difference between internal trade and external trade: Meaning and characteristics of international trade.
• Problems of international trade: Advantages and disadvantages of international trade.
• Export trade: Meaning, objective and procedure of Export Trade.
• Import Trade: Meaning, objective and procedure- meaning and func¬tions of import trade; purpose and procedure.
• Documents involved in International Trade; documents involved in export trade, indent, letter of credit, shipping order, shipping bills, mate’s receipt, bill of lading, certificate of origin, consular invoice, documentary bill of exchange (DA/DP), specimen, importance.
• World Trade Organization (WTO): Meaning and objective.

11. Project Work

MP Board Class 11th Economics Important Questions with Answers

MP Board Class 11th Economics: Statistics for Economics Important Questions with Answers

• Unit 1 Statistics for Economics Introduction
• Unit 2 Collection, Organisation and Presentation of Data
• Unit 3 Statistical Tools and Interpretation

MP Board Class 11th Economics: Indian Economic Development Important Questions with Answers

• Unit 4 Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms Since 1991
• Unit 5 Current Challenges Facing Indian Economy
• Unit 6 Development Experience of India: A Comparison with Neighbours

MP Board Class 11th Economics Syllabus and Marking Scheme

Latest Syllabus and Marks Distribution Economics Class XI for the academic year 2019 – 2020 Year Examination.

Economics
Class XI

Time : 3 Hours.
Maximum Marks: 100

Unit Wise Division of Marks

Part A: Statistics for Economics (40 Marks)

Unit 1: Introduction

• What is economics?
• Meaning, scope and importance of statistics in economics.

Unit 2: Collection, Organisation and Presentation of Data

• Collection of Data: Sources of data: primary and secondary, how basic data is collected, methods of collecting data, some important sources of secondary data, census of India and national sample survey organisation.
• The organisation of Data: Meaning and types of variables, frequency distribution.
• Presentation of Data: Tabular presentation and diagrammatic presentation of data: (i) Geometric forms (bar diagrams and pie diagrams) (ii) Frequency diagrams (Histogram, polygon and ogive) and (iii) Arithmetic line graphs (Time-series graph).

Unit 3: Statistical Tools and Interpretation

• Measures of Central Tendency: Mean (Simple and weighted), median and mode.
• Measures of Dispersion: Absolute dispersion (Range, quartile deviation, mean deviation and standard deviation), relative dispersion (Coefficient of quartile-deviation, coefficient of mean deviation, coefficient of variation), Lorenz curve: Meaning and its application.
• Correlation: Meaning, scatter diagram, measures of correlation Karl Pearson’s method Two variables ungrouped data) Spearman’s rank correlation.
• Introduction to Index Numbers: Meaning, Types: Wholesale I price index, consumer price index and index of industrial production, uses of index numbers, Inflation and index numbers.

Part B: Indian Economic Development (50 Marks)

Unit 4: Development Experience (1947 – 90) and Economic Reforms Since 1991

• A brief introduction of the state of Indian economy on the eve of independence, common goals of five-year plans, main features, problems and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy, etc.), industry (Industrial licensing, etc.) and foreign trade.
• Economic Reforms Since 1991
• Need and Main Features: Liberalisation, globalisation and privatisation, an appraisal of LPG policies.

Unit 5: Current Challenges Facing the Indian Economy

• Poverty: Absolute and relative, main programmes for poverty alleviation: A critical assessment.
• Rural Development: Key issues: Credit and marketing-role of cooperatives, agricultural diversification, alternative farming-organic farming.
• Human Capital Formation: How people become a resource, the role of human capital in economic development, growth of the education sector in India
• Employment: Formal and informal, growth and other issues: Problems and policies.
• Inflation: Problems and policies
• Infrastructure: Meaning and Types: Case studies, energy and health: Problems and policies a critical assessment.
• Sustainable Economic Development: Meaning, effects of economic development on resources and environment, including global warming.

Unit 6: Development Experience of India: A Comparison with Neighbours

• India and Pakistan, India and China.
• Issues: Growth, population, sectoral development and other developmental indicators.

Part C: Project Work (10 Marks)

MP Board Class 12th Special English Grammar and Phonology Important Questions

Question 1.
Do as directed (any five): (M.P. 2016)

(i) Ajay is a fast runner. He can run 100m ……………………. 12 seconds.
(a) into
(b) in
(c) to
(Write correct preposition)
Answer:
(b) in

(ii) ………………… European come to our school yesterday.
(a) a
(b) an
(c) the
(Write correct article)
Answer:
(a) a

(iii) She is never late. (M.P. 2018)
(Change into affirmative sentence)
Answer:
She is always late.

(iv) They decided it. They should go.
(Rewrite using second sentence as an infinitive phrase)
Answer:
They decided it to go.

(v) He said to me, “You can never get his help.” (Change into indirect speech)
Answer:
He told me that I could never get his help.

(vi) This news surprised me. (Change into passive voice)
Answer:
I was suprised by the news.

Question 2.
Disjoin the following sentences to form two sentences:

(i) If you ring the bell, the servant will come.
Answer:
Ring the bell. The Servant will come.

(ii) You will catch the train, if you hire a taxi.
Answer:
Hire a taxi. You will catch the train.

(iii) I shall come and see you, if I have time.
Answer:
I have time. I shall come and see you.

(iv) If my father allows me, I will come to the party.
Answer:
My father allows me. I will come to the party.

(v) If you go to town, will you buy something for me?
Answer:
You go to town. Will you buy something for me?

(vi) If you step on the dog’s tail, it will bite you.
Answer:
Stop on the dog’s tail. It will bite you.

(vii) We shall be pleased, if our school wins.
Answer:
Our school wins. We shall be pleased.

(viii) The soldiers will fight bravely, if they understand the orders.
Answer:
The soldiers understand the orders. They will fight bravely.

(ix) If he buys a motorcycle for Rs. 10,000 and sells it for Rs. 12,000, he’ll make a good profit.
Answer:
He buys a motorcycle for Rs. 10,000 and sells if for Rs. 12,000. He’ll make a good profit.

Question 3.
Fill in the blanks with appropriate non-finites:

(i) She refused ……………… with me.
Answer:
to play

(ii) They offered …………… after our children when we were away.
Answer:
to look

(iii) Not many people can afford ………………. a car.
Answer:
to maintain

(iv) She appeared ………………. done the deed.
Answer:
to have

(v) She is difficult ……………..
Answer:
to understand

(vi) He came specially ……………. me.
Answer:
to see

(vii) I have never know him ………….. his temper.
Answer:
to lose

(viii) She was ill. I advised her ………….. a doctor.
Answer:
to see

(ix) She decided …………….. a nurse.
Answer:
to be

Question 4.
Insert the adverbs given in brackets in their correct places:

(i) He walked, (afterwards, slowly, away)
Answer:
Afterwards, he walked away slowly.

(ii) They stayed, (all day, quietly, there)
Answer:
They stayed there quietly all day.

(iii) I shall meet you. (outside your office, tomorrow, at 2 o’clock)
Answer:
I shall meet you tomorrow outside your office at 2 o’clock.

(iv) Our teacher spoke to us. (in class, this morning, very rudely)
Answer:
This morning our teacher spoke to us very rudely in the class.

(v) He played (at the townhall, last night, beautifully, in the concert)
Answer:
Last night he played beautifully in the concert at the townhall.

(vi) We are going, (for a week, to Nainital, on Saturday)
Answer:
We are going to Nainital for a week on Saturday.

(vii) He gave up his claim, (recently, reluctantly, at the meeting)
Answer:
Recently he gave up his claim reluctantly at the meeting.

(viii) Their son was bom. (in the year 2006, at 10:00 a.m., on 7th June) (M.P. 2018)
Answer:
Their son was born at 10:00 a.m. on 7th June in the year 2006.

Question 5.
Fill in the blanks with suitable determiners:

1. Rohit came to my house. He asked me how much money I had. I told him that I had little money which I had saved from my pocket money. He told me that he needed some money to buy a book on current affairs.

2. There was a knock at my door. When I opened the door. I saw a stranger with a tool bag in his hand. I didn’t allow him to enter my room as I had never seen him earlier.

3. Shiwani needed some paper to write her homework. She said to her father, “There isn’t any paper left. Please buy some paper for me when you go to the market.

4. A man bought an ox and sold it in the open market. But he got only a little money from the sale.

5. Aamir is an honest man. He never accepts money as bribe. According to him honesty is the best policy.

6. To be able to ready any language you have to learn its alphabet. Perhaps you already know how to read this. Let me explain by giving an example.

7. …………… penguin is a fearless bird. It walks in a very funny manner. Many a times it falls plat on its stomach.

8. As ……………. Potter was going round the market, he saw the same monkey, he had bought the previous week. It was standing in the same spot as before.

9. Mohit told me that he needed some money to buy a book on English literature. I simply denied saying that I did not have any money. However I gave him a book, which contained some topics on literature.

10. I asked him, “What is the matter?” He said to me” would you lend me some money?” I replied, “My father is a bank employee. He doesn’t earn much. So, I can’t help you”.

11. Could you lend me same money? (some/any) (M.P. 2011)

Question 6.

I. Change the following sentences into Passive form, without mentioning the agent:

(i) The audience loudly cheered the Mayor’s speech.
Answer:
The Mayor’s speech was cheesed loudly.

(ii) Somebody cleans the room every day.
Answer:
The room is cleaned every day.

(iii) People don’t use this road very often.
Answer:
This road is not used very often.

(iv) They have cancelled the flight because of fog.
Answer:
The flight has been cancelled because of fog.

(v) They are building a new ring road round the city.
Answer:
A new ring road is being built round the city.

(vi) This news surprises me. (M.P. 2011)
Answer:
I was surprised by this news.

(vii) People expect better results this time. (M.P. 2014)
Answer:
This time better results are expected.

(viii) Mr. Abhishek taught English. (M.P. 2015)
Answer:
English is taught by Mr. Abhishek.

II. Now form similes by filling the gap with the appropriate words:

(i) He walks fast like a ……………
Answer:
rabbit

(ii) Her skin is white like a …………….
Answer:
duck

(iii) The bed was hard like an ………………
Answer:
armour

(iv) The boy is slow like a ……………….
Answer:
snail
snail

(v) He is strong like an ……………..
Answer:
ox

(vi) It is hard like a ……………..
Answer:
rod

(vii) The boy is brave like a ……………..
Answer:
soldier

(viii) The dog is hungry like a ……………….
Answer:
wolf

(ix) The night-guards are watchful like a ………………..
Answer:
dog

(x) The child is playful like a ………………….
Answer:
squirrel.

Question 7.
Form the similes by filling the gap with appropriate words:

(i) He walks fast like a ………………….
Answer:
leopard

(ii) Her skin is white like a ……………………
Answer:
feather

(iii) The bed was hand like an …………………
Answer:
iron sheet

(iv) It is hard like a ………………..
Answer:
stone.

Question 8.
Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate modal verbs:

(i) I think you should take an umbrella. It ………………… rain, (future possibility)
Answer:
may

(ii) You ……………. pay income tax. (obligation)
Answer:
must

(iii) You ………….. leave now. (permission)
Answer:
can

(iv) Be careful with that gun. It …………. be loaded, (possibility)
Answer:
may

(v) ………………. you speak English well? (ability)
Answer:
can

(vi) I …………….. come tomorrow, (future promise)
Answer:
will

(vii) you please close the door? (request for action)
Answer:
would/will

(viii) If you want to catch the train you ……………….. start at once, (desirability)
Answer:
should

(ix) You ……………… not talk in the library, (prohibition)
Answer:
can

(x) You ………………… not to worry about me. (M.P. 2015)
Answer:
must/should

(xi) The teacher said to him, ‘You ……………… do your homework again’, (absence of obligation)
Answer:
ought to.

Question 9.
Point out the noun clauses in the following sentences:

(i) It is not clear what he wants.
Answer:
what he wants

(ii) He says that he won’t go.
Answer:
that he won’t go.

(iii) His health depends on how the medicine works.
Answer:
how the medicine works.

(iv) The question is who will catch the bird.
Answer:
who will catch the bird.

(v) It is clear that he will come.
Answer:
that he will come.

(vi) Nikita thought that it would be a fine day.
Answer:
that it would be a fine day.

(vii) He saw that the bus had stopped.
Answer:
that the bus had stopped.

(viii) He replied that he would come.
Answer:
that he would come.

(ix) It is certain that he will come.
Answer:
that he will come.

(x) What you tell me is not true.
Answer:
what you tell me.

Question 10.
Complete the following sentences by adding suitable noun clauses:

(i) The boy said …………………
Answer:
that he was taking lunch.

(ii) The students requested the teacher ……………………
Answer:
to allow them to go on a picnic.

(iii) It is not clear ………………….
Answer:
who will help you.

(iv) It is accepted by all …………………
Answer:
that our leaders are corrupt.

(v) I think ………………….
Answer:
that I should kill the criminals.

(vi) She doesn’t know …………………
Answer:
how to use internet.

(vii) ……………… is a fact.
Answer:
that the politicians are totally corrupt.

(viii) You can’t rely on ……………….
Answer:
what he says.

(ix) The boy is my friend. He is wearing a cap. (Using ‘who’) (M.P. 2011)
Answer:
The boy who is wearing a cap is my friend.

Question 11.
Fill in the blanks the prepositions given below (wherever necessary):
(about, for, from, into, on, to, at, with)
I was busy ……………. (i) …………….. writing a description ……………… (ii) ………….. a football match I had watched a week ago.
When there was a knock ……………. (iii) ………………… my door, I had asked ……………. (iv) …………. my servant that I did not want to be disturbed.
So I was a bit angry ………………… (v) ………………… the interruption and growled, “come in!” with little enthusiasm. But when I saw who there, was my anger ………………. (vi) ………………… the interruption vanished.
It was Yash. He was blue ……… (vii) cold and dirt ……………. (viii) ……………… the journey he had undertaken. He looked very different ………….. (ix) …………. the elegant Yash who had saved my life when I had met ………….. (x) ………….. an accident.
‘May I come in? I don’t want to interfere …………………… (xi) …………………. You work, he said. I answered ………………. (xii) ……………….. Jumping up and throwing my arms around
him …………… (xiii) ………………. full of joy.
Answer:
(i) ×
(ii) of
(iii) at
(iv) ×
(v) at
(vi) for
(vii) with
(viii) from
(ix) from
(x) with
(xi) with
(xii) by
(xiii) ×.

Question 12.
Change the following sentences into indirect narration:

(i) “Shall I do it myself,” he said.
Answer:
He asked if he should do it himself.

(ii) “It’s not my wish, Sir,” Albert pointed out.
Answer:
Albert addresses him as Sir and pointed out that it was not his watch.

(iii) “Your information,” I replied, “is out of date.”
Answer:
I replied that his information was out of date.

(iv) “I must get away from here,” said Einstein.
Answer:
Einstein said that he must get away from there.

(v) “I don’t think, I’ll ever pass exams for the school diploma.” said Albert glumly.
Answer:
Albert said glumly that he didn’t think, he would ever pass exams for the school diploma.

(vi) “I have never seen you looking less nervous,” remarked Yuri.
Answer:
Yuri remarked that he had never seen him lookingless nervous.

(vii) “Don’t be too sure of that,” said the doctor.
Answer:
The doctor advised him not to be too sure of that.

(viii) Albert said, “I’ll try to get into an Indian College of Institute.”
Answer:
Albert said that he would try to get into an Indian College or Institute.

(ix) He said to me, “I did not see you at the party last night”. (M.P. 2011,18)
Answer:
He said that he had not seem me at the party the previous night.

Question 13.

I. Make the correct use of the verb given in brackets. (Present simple or continuous)

(i) I …………….. (think) of moving out of this house.
Answer:
am thinking

(ii) I …………………. (know) him very well.
Answer:
know

(iii) They …………………. (meet) me tomorrow in the office.
Answer:
are meeting

(iv) He ………………. (always, see) ghosts in the dark.
Answer:
always sees

(v) You ……………… (suppose) you shall be spared?
Answer:
Do-suppose

(vi) I ……………….. (just, think) that you might come.
Answer:
am just thinking

(vii) I ………………… (see) a bird in the tree. It ………………. (sing).
Answer:
see-is singing

(viii) I ………………. (think) that now I ………………. (know) How to use the verbs of perception.
Answer:
think-know

(ix) My mother …………………. (always, feel) sick when she sees a dirty place.
Answer:
always feels

(x) I …………………. (certainly, forget) your face.
Answer:
am certainly forgetting.

II. Correct the following sentences:

(i) She is refusing to go out in the cold.
Answer:
She refuses to go out in the cold.

(ii) I am not remembering what you said.
Answer:
I don’t remember what you said.

(iii) This boy is now understanding the present continuous tense.
Answer:
This boy now understands the present continuous tense.

(iv) The judge now hears the arguments.
Answer:
The judge is now hearing the arguments.

(v) I see him tomorrow morning.
Answer:
I am seeing him tomorrow morning.

(vi) I do not feel well today.
Answer:
I am not feeling well today.

(vii) I am hearing a noise outside.
Answer:
I hear a noise outside.

(viii) I am having a lot of books.
Answer:
I have a lot of books.

(ix) Don’t disturb him. He thinks deeply.
Answer:
Don’t disturb him. He is thinking deeply.

(x) Although he is poor but he is honest. (M.P. 2011, 15)
Answer:
He is poor but honest.

Question 14.
Reframe the sentences with anticipatory ‘it’:

(i) That the earth and atmosphere are getting warn is clear to all.
Answer:
It is clear to all that the earth and atmosphere are getting warm.

(ii) Who stole the book is not clear.
Answer:
It is not clear who stole the book.

(iii) That we are losing our morals is a matter of great concern.
Answer:
It is a matter of great concern that we are losing our morals.

(iv) What is the fate of a man is known to God only.
Answer:
It is known to god only what is the fate of a man.

(v) When they will come has not been intimated to us.
Answer:
It has not been intimated to us when they will come.

Question 15.
Begin the sentences with introductory ‘it’:

(i) To die for the nation is a glorious act.
Answer:
It is a glorious act to die for the nation.

(ii) To yawn before others is bad manners.
Answer:
It is bad manners to yawn before others.

(iii) To travel in a bullock cart is a pleasure.
Answer:
It is a pleasure to travel in a bullock cart.

(iv) To think and ponder upon is essential.
Answer:
It is essential to think and ponder.

(v) To err is human.
Answer:
It is human to err.

(vi) To forgive is divine.
Answer:
It is divine to forgive.

Question 16.
Complete the following sentences in which only if (when) clauses have been given:

(i) If you can go there why ……………………..
Answer:
would they not welcome you.

(ii) If the gate is locked how …………………..
Answer:
one can enter the campus.

(iii) If they don’t let you in what ………………..
Answer:
would you do them.

(iv) If you don’t know the answer why ………………….
Answer:
do you not ask your teacher.

(v) If you lose you way in the forest what ………………….
Answer:
would you do.

(vi) If you are nervous at this stage how …………………..
Answer:
would you succeed.

(vii) If there is a storm tonight what …………………..
Answer:
would we do to face it.

(viii) If you are asked to choose one of them which one …………………….
Answer:
would you like.

(ix) What ………………. they don’t come on time?
Answer:
would you do.

(x) What ………………….. if you don’t pay the bill?
Answer:
would they do.

Question 17.
Rewrite the sentence using (too …………………. to):

He is so poor that he cannot pay his school fees. (M.P. 2018)
Answer:
He is too poor to pay his school fees.

Question 18.
Do as directed: (M.P. 2015)

(i) He does his duty. (Make negative)
Answer:
He does not do his duty.

(ii) Did he not cut the apple yesterday? (Make affirmative)
Answer:
He cut-the apple.

(iii) He is so rich that he can buy any car. (Rewrite the sentence using too …. to):
Answer:
He is too rich to buy any car.

(iv) The boy is my son. He is wearing a cap.
(Combine the pair of sentences using ‘who’)
Answer:
The boy who is wearing a cap is my son.

Important Exercises from Work book

Question 1.
Look for the marked similar sound in the given word and pick the odd one out:

Question 2.
Transcribe the following words:
School, yet, bleat, start, triumph, clever, official, table, alphabet, fluent, daughter, shoulder, type, register, astronomer,
geography, machine, enough, walk, luxury, breathing, silver, either, thanks, quality, museum, zip, juice, country, treasure, club, goal, youth, comb.
Answer:

Question 3.
Give syllable division of the following words and write their phonetic transcription:

Question 4.
(i) Describe the structure of each word into syllables structure in terms of CVC.
Answer:

(ii) How many syllable in the word “study”? (M.P. 2015)
Answer:
Two

(iii) Rewrite the given word in American English : “analogue.” (M.P. 2015)
Answer:
Analog

(iv) How many syllables are there in the word “psychology” (M.P. 2018)
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four.
Answer:
Four.

Question 5.
Form two new words with a prefix and a suffix from the following, taking them as root words:
Answer:
(i) Pure – Impure – Purify
(ii) Discipline – Indiscipline – Disciplinary
(iii) Sure – Assure – Surety
(iv) Certain – Uncertain – Certainity
(y) Part – Impart – Partition
(vi) Clear – Unclear – Cleared
(vii) Class – Subclass – Classified
(viii) Ripe – Unripe – Ripness
(ix) Type – Retype – Typical
(x) Light – Delight – Lighten.

Question 6.
Give the American English variants of the following British English sentences:

(i) Have you seen him?
Answer:
Did you see him?

(ii) Rina has done a good job.
Answer:
Rina did a good job.

(iii) Hasn’t he just finished?
Answer:
Didn’t he just finish?

(iv) We have already eaten.
Answer:
We ate already.

(v) Have you got a mobile phone?
Answer:
Did you get a mobile phone?

(vi) No, we haven’t got one.
Answer:
No, we didn’t get one.

(vii) I have got a new car.
Answer:
I got a new car.

(viii) He has bought a new tie.
Answer:
He bought a new tie.

(ix) I got just home.
Answer:
I got home.

(x) I already ate.
Answer:
I ate already.

(xi) Have you eaten yet.
Answer:
Did you eat yet.

(xii) Karan has left already? (M.P. 2014)
Answer:
Karan left already.

(xiii) Rewrite the given word in American English ‘holiday’. (M.P. 2016)
Answer:
Vacation.

(xiv) Please sit, down (Choose and write the true) (M.P. 2016)
(i) Rising
(ii) Falling-rising
(iii) Combined
(iv) Falling
Answer:
(ii) Falling-rising

(xv) Rewrite the given word in American English “analogue” (M.P. 2018)
Answer:
Analog.

Question 7.
Mark the stress for the words given:

Question 8.

I. Select words from brackets to fill in the blanks:

(i) She is a ………………… woman with ………………. habits. (lovely/lovable)
Answer:
lovely, lovable

(ii) ……………. people are not very ………………… to praise or blame. (sensitive/sensible)
Answer:
sensible, sensitive

(iii) All efforts of the doctor to find the ………………… went in …………………. (vain/vein)
Answer:
vein, vain

(iv) Revising this …………………. will …………………. my butden. (lessen/lesson)
Answer:
(iv) lesson, lessen

(v) We should not ……………………… our vote in favour of a candidate who believes in the ………………………. system. (cast/caste)
Answer:
cast, caste

(vi) The wound in the ………………….. took a long time to ………………….. (heel/heal)
Answer:
heel, heal

(vii) It was ………………………. difficult for her to remain even for a few minutes. (quiet/quite)
Answer:
quite, quiet

(viii) A ………………….. is a man of …………………… (principle/principal) (M.P. 2015)
Answer:
Principal, Principle

(ix) The ……………………. boy creates …………………… problems. (knotty/naughty)
Answer:
naughty, knotty

(x) Please ………………….. till I have noted down the …………………. of the first child. (weight/wait)
Answer:
wait, weight.

II. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words:

(i) I felt insulted when she did not ……………….. my invitation. (accept/except)
Answer:
accept

(ii) The eagle can spot its …………………… from a great height, (pray/prey)
Answer:
prey

(iii) When he reached the hospital he found the baby …………………….. (all right/alright)
Answer:
all right

(iv) His conduct did not show that he belonged to a ………………. family. (respectable/respectful)
Answer:
respectable

(v) Giving dowry is a bad ……………….. (habit/custom)
Answer:
custom

(vi) Indore is an important ……………………. city of Madhya Pradesh. (industrious/industrail)
Answer:
industrail

(vii) Sincertiy and hard work can make any ……………….. respectable. (vacation/vocation)
Answer:
vocation

(viii) I ………………….. the success of your plan. (doubt/suspect)
Answer:
doubt

(ix) Mother Teresa won many International …………………. (awards/rewards)
Answer:
awards

(x) The story has no ……………….. (moral/morale)
Answer:
moral

Question 9.

I. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions choosing from those given against each sentence:

(i) We can’t call Ramesh a teenager. He is …………………. twenty. (below/above/under)
Answer:
above

(ii) She swam …………………….. the river and reached the other bank. (across/through/into)
Answer:
across

(iii) There was no bridge …………………. the river. (on/above/over)
Answer:
over

(iv) During winter we have to drive …………………….. thick fog in the morning to reacjuhe office. (across/into/through)
Answer:
through

(v) What are you doing here ……………………. this hour? (on/at/in)
Answer:
at

(vi) Don’t put any pictures ……………………. the wall. Let it be plain. (in/over/on)
Answer:
on

(vii) He lost his way ………………… the forest. (in/through/into)
Answer:
in

(viii) They will arrive here …………………….. Monday evening. (in/on/at)
Answer:
on

(ix) It rains ………………….. winter here. (at/on/in)
Answer:
in

(x) He jumped ………………………… the lake to save himself from the bear. (in/into/through)
Answer:
into

II. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary. There are expressions where prepositions are not required. Mark (x) where preposition are not required:

(i) I am leaving for Delhi ………………… next week.
Answer:
×

(ii) Cut this apple …………………… two.
Answer:
into

(iii) Children …………………. twelve are not eligible to take part in this race.
Answer:
below

(iv) We expect him ……………………. midnight flight.
Answer:
by

(v) He slipped the letter ……………………. the carpet to avoid detection.
Answer:
under

(vi) She entered …………………. the room suddenly without knocking the door.
Answer:
×

(vii) You can hire a car ………………… the airport.
Answer:
at

(viii) Ajav is a fast runner. He can run 100 metres ……………….. 12 seconds.
Answer:
in

(ix) I am busy ……………………… this moment, but I’ll be with you ………………… five minutes.
Answer:
at, within

(x) Since you ……………….. next Friday.
Answer:
×

Question 10.

I. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositional phrases choosing from those given below:

(With the help of; in honour of; in search of; in charge of; in front of; in the mood for; in time for; at the end of; at war with; on behalf of)

(i) Mr. Sharma is the person who is …………….. this factory.
Answer:
in charge of

(ii) We are having a big party …………………. the visiting guest.
Answer:
in honour of

(iii) The two countries are ……………….. each other.
Answer:
at war with

(iv) Don’t worry. I’ll be ……………. the dinner.
Answer:
in time for

(v) There is a Neem tree ………………….. my house.
Answer:
in-front of

(vi) His assistant can sign the papers ………………. Mr.Patel.
Answer:
on behalf of

(vii) People go to America these days …………………. better jobs.
Answer:
in search of

(viii) The boy lifted the heavy table …………………. his friends.
Answer:
with the help of

(ix) They proposed a vote of thanks …………………… the meeting.
Answer:
at the end of

(x) I think I’ll go out for a walk because I’m not ………………….. studying.
Answer:
in the mood for.

II. Use the following prepositional phrases in your own sentences:

(i) In the country
(ii) by heart
(iii) by all means
(iv) at the time
(v) on duty
(vi) at least
(vii) out of order
(viii) in any case
(ix) in comparison with
(x) all the time
Answer:
(i) There is a severe dearth of honest politicians in the country.
(ii) He might have sounded rude but by heart he is very kind.
(iii) I have to increase my earnings by all means.
(iv) At the time of difficulty true friends are always with us.
(v) I can’t come now I am on duty.
(vi) We can at least write to the news-paper’s editors about the social evils.
(vii) The newly purchased equipments were by mistake declared out of order.
(viii) In any case Raju will be with you to sort out this problem.
(ix) The performance is not appropriate in comparison with the salary.
(x) It is not good to keep complaining all the time.

Question 11.

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable articles where necessary:

(i) There is ……………. man in …………… room.
Answer:
a, the

(ii) Let us go to ………………… market.
Answer:
the

(iii) …………………. sun rises in the East.
Answer:
×

(iv) ………………. European came to our school yesterday.
Answer:
A

(v) He is ……………….. honest man.
Answer:
an

(vi) Man has reached …………………… moon.
Answer:
the

(vii) He bought ………………. pencil yesterday.
Answer:
a

(viii) …………….. books on the shelf are history books.
Answer:
The

(ix) Let us meet …………………. Principal.
Answer:
the

(x) There was ……………….. Indian with them.
Answer:
an

(xi) I saw ……………….. bus on …………………. road the was damaged.
Answer:
a, the

(xii) Its ………………… easy option.
Answer:
an

(xiii) ……………….. friend in need is …………………. friend indeed.
Answer:
A, a

(xiv) ……………………. honesty is …………………… best policy.
Answer:
×, the

(xv) ………………. knife is made of ………………….. steel.
Answer:
The, ×.

II. Use the proper determiner:

(i) …………………. people came into the room. (some, any)
Answer:
Some

(ii) Would you like ………………. sugar? (some, any)
Answer:
Some

(iii) I want ………………… tea. (same, any)
Answer:
Some

(iv) Take ………………… book you like. (some, any)
Answer:
Any

(v) Are there ………………….. letters for me? (some, any)
Answer:
any

(vi) Give me ………………….. book you do not want. (all, the)
Answer:
the

(vii) ………………… person can cast a vote. (each, every)
Answer:
Each

(viii) India had ………………….. chance of winning but they lost. (each, every)
Answer:
every

(ix) He showed us ……………………. of his photographs. (each, every)
Answer:
each

(x) My technique improved with ……………………. lessons (each, every)
Answer:
each

(xi) …………………. the windows should be opened. (All, each)
Answer:
All

(xii) They got in ………………….. manners of trouble. (all, each)
Answer:
all

(xiii) The apples are ………………….. ripe. (all, every).
Answer:
×

(xiv) They argued with ……………………… seriousness. (all, each)
Answer:
all

(xv) I have reason to be angry. (all, every)
Answer:
every

(xvi) This is …………………. book, I bought it myself. (a, an, the)
Answer:
the

(xvii) That is …………………….. house they liyed there for almost a decade. (a, an, the)
Answer:
the

(xviii) …………………. is your book? (which, what)
Answer:
Which

(xix) ………………… book is that? (whose, what)
Answer:
Whose

(xx) I saw ………………….. cousin running after a bus. (his, whose)
Answer:
his.

Question 12.

I. Rewrite the sentences using the modals given in brackets:

(i) You are allowed to enter through this gate, (may)
Answer:
You may enter through this gate.

(ii) You are allowed to buy tickets beforehand. (can)
Answer:
You can buy the tickets beforehand.

(iii) The guard has the right to ask for you ID card. (may)
Answer:
The guard may ask for your ID card.

(iv) Do you think he is planning picnic? (could)
Answer:
Could you think he is planning picnic?

(v) Perhaps he is not planning anything of that sort at all. (might)
Answer:
He might not be planning anything of that sort at all.

(vi) I gave her permission to submit the work tomorrow, (may)
Answer:
I told her that she may submit the work tomorrow.

(vii) Perhaps it is Jatin who leaked out the secret, (might).
Answer:
It might be Jatin who leaked out the secret.

(viii) Is it possible that they have made an unthinkable blunder? (could)
Answer:
Could they have made an unthinkable blunder?

(ix) Perhaps she is still trying to get a job. (could)
Answer:
She could still be trying to get a job.

(x) Perhaps they will be delayed by traffic jam. (might)
Answer:
They might be delayed by traffic jam.

(xi) Do you think she is still cooking? (could)
Answer:
Could you think she is still be cooking.

(xii) Perhaps it is not going to happen, (might)
Answer:
It might not happen.

(xiii) You are permitted to use the pass, (can)
Answer:
You can use the pass.

(xiv) I gave him permission to come by car. (may)
Answer:
She may come by car.

(xv) Perhaps the state of this library will improve, (might)
Answer:
The state of this library might improve.

II. Which of the words in the right hand column will fit in the sentences on the left: (can, could, cannot, could not, must)

(i) Preeti ………………. play badminton really well when she wants to.
Answer:
can

(ii) I’m afraid I …………………. come to school today.
Answer:
can not

(iii) Yesterday I lost my book, I looked for it everywhere but I …………………. find it.
Answer:
could not

(iv) Rohit has been travelling all day. He ………………. be very tired.
Answer:
must

(v) When I was in class five, I ………………….. remember the meaning of a lot of words.
Answer:
could

(vi) Anu ………………… drive but she doesn’t have a car.
Answer:
can

(vii) The stranger asked her something but she ………………. reply because she ………………. speak French.
Answer:
could not, can not.

Question 13.

I. Use the Present Simple or Present Continuous Tense form of the verbs provided in brackets as required:

(i) Anu (go) to school every day.
Answer:
Anu goes to school every day.

(ii) She usually (walk) to school.
Answer:
She usually walks to school.

(iii) She usually (reach) there in time.
Answer:
She usually reaches there in time.

(iv) Today she (go) to school on scooter.
Answer:
Today is going to school on Scooter.

(v) She (feel) well today.
Answer:
She is feeling well today.

(vi) She (learn) English every day.
Answer:
She learns English every day.

(vii) Today she (learn) French.
Answer:
Today she is learning French.

(viii) She (love) dancing.
Answer:
She loves dancing

(ix) She (learning) Bharatnatyam now.
Answer:
She is learning Bharatnatyam now.

(x) She always (sleep) early.
Answer:
She always sleeps early.

II. Use Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous Tense form of the verb given in brackets as required:

(i) Riya …………………. (learn) English for six months now, but she still not ……………….. (learn) is well.
Answer:
has been learning, learnt

(ii) ………………… (read) the Ramayana? I …………………. (Read) it for two years now, but I am still midway the work.
Answer:
Have you read, have been reading

(iii) My grandparents …………………. (visit) America several times, but they have never ………………… (see) ……………….. the National Stadium.
Answer:
have visited, seen

(iv) It ………………. (rain) since Monday morning.
Answer:
has been raining

(v) Ajay ……………… (return) from Mumbai recently.
Answer:
has returned

(vi) I …………………. (be) ………………… to Canada.
Answer:
have been

(vii) I ……………….. never (be) to Shri Lanka.
Answer:
have never been

(viii) Bhawna ………………….. (not write) the article yet. She …………………… (write) since Monday.
Answer:
has not written

(ix) Children …………………. (play) cricket in the ground for two hours now.
Answer:
have been

(x) …………………. you ever ………………. (read) any novels by Prem Chand?
Answer:
Have, read.

III. Change the following sentences to indicate that the action occurred in the past:

(i) Vani takes a bath every morning.
Answer:
Vani took a bath in the morning.

(ii) She does not always feel happy after taking a bath.
Answer:
She did not feel happy after taking a bath.

(iii) She has breakfast at eight o’clock.
Answer:
She had breakfast at eight o’clock.

(iv) She takes a walk in the evening.
Answer:
She took a walk in the evening.

(v) She hurries to the class.
Answer:
She hurried to the class.

(vi) She is never late.
Answer:
She was not late.

(vii) She loves to study mathematics.
Answer:
She loved to study mathematics.

(viii) She reads in the class when it is her turn.
Answer:
She read in class when it was her turn.

(ix) Her teacher writes the homework on the blackboard.
Answer:
Her teacher wrote the homework on the blackboard.

(x) Vani writes her homework on her answer book.
Answer:
Vani wrote her homework in her answer book.

IV. Combine the following pairs of sentences into one sentence using a time clause beginning with ‘while’ or ‘when’:

(i) Anjali and Prachi were walking home from the school. It began to rain.
Answer:
When Anjali and Prachi were walking home from the school. It began to rain.

(ii) Hina was sleeping. Her sister came.
Answer:
Hina was sleeping when her sister came.

(iii) Someone called Dithi on the telephone. She was doing her homework.
Answer:
Dithi was doing her homework when someone called on the telephone.

(iv) Prachi’s friend arrived. Prachi was waiting for her.
Answer:
When Prachi’s friend arrived, Prachi was waiting for her.

(v) Her mother was cooking meals. She burned herself.
Answer:
When her mother was cooking meal she burned herself.

(vi) Fatima was reading a magazine. She fell asleep.
Answer:
Fatima w’as reading a magazine when she fell asleep.

(vii) Manu was trying to finish his examination. The final bell rang.
Answer:
When Manu was trying to finish his examination, the final bell rang.

(viii) Isha was reading a book. She noticed a torn page.
Answer:
Isha noticed a tom page when she was reading a book.

(ix) Aman slipped and fell. He was playing football.
Answer:
Aman slipped and fell when he was playing football.

(x) Madhu was watching TV. Her mother entered the room.
Answer:
Madhu was watching TV when her mother entered the room.

V. Change the following sentences using one of the verbs in the Past Perfect Tense:

(i) Rita finished her homework. Then she wrote a poem.
Answer:
When Rita had finished her homework she wrote a poem.

(ii) She wrote to her parents. She went to sleep.
Answer:
After she had written to her parents she went to sleep.

(iii) Saira read a part of the book. Then she returned it to the librarian.
Answer:
After Saira had read a part of the book she returned it to the librarian.

(iv) Aditi had a cup of coffee. Aditi then went to sleep.
Answer:
After she had a cup of coffee, Aditi went to sleep.

(v) Prachi came here in 2001. She was in England for a year before that.
Answer:
Prachi had been in England for a year before when she came here in 2001.

(vi) She knew me for a long time. One day she told me about her hometown.
Answer:
She had known me for a long time then one day she told me about her hometown.

Question 14.

I. Complete the following sentences using a suitable verb:

Question (i).
Tenzing Norkay was the first ………………. the top of Mount Everest.
Answer:
to reach

Question (ii).
It is too good …………………
Answer:
to resist

Question (iii).
I don’t know how ………………… it.
Answer:
to do

Question (iv).
When …………………. the new venture is yet of Mount Everest.
Answer:
did you know that

Question (v).
Don’t forget …………………. the letter I gave you.
Answer:
to drop

Question (vi).
He joined a driving school to drive a car.
Answer:
to learn how

Question (vii).
He has no wish ………………..
Answer:
to fulfill

Question (viii).
Please show me where ……………………. the car.
Answer:
to park

Question (ix).
They spoke softly so as not ………………………. the baby.
Answer:
to disturb

Question (x).
Sir Roger did not like anyone ………………………. when the sermon was going on.
Answer:
to be disturbed.

II. Combine the following pairs of sentences by using a Gerund:

(i) She insisted. She must see the dying man.
Answer:
She insisted on seeing the dying man.

(ii) He accepted. He had stolen the money.
Answer:
He accepted stealing the money.

(iii) It is no good. You are arguing against the law.
Answer:
Arguing against the law is not good.

(iv) Ravi regretted. He had written such a book.
Answer:
Ravi regretted for writing such a book.

(v) Forgive me. I had to wake you up so early.
Answer:
Forgive me for waking you up so early.

III. Rewrite the following sentences, using the second sentence as an infinitive phrase:

(i) He refused it. He would not accept your proposal.
Answer:
He refused to accept your proposal.

(ii) I don’t like it I should decide things by myself.
Answer:
I don’t like to decide things by myself.

(iii) She hates it. She should do her homework.
Answer:
She hates to do her homework.

(iv) Are you prepared? You should do it.
Answer:
Are you prepared to do it.

(v) They decided it. They should go.
Answer:
They decided to go.

IV. Rewrite the following sentences by using anticipatory ‘it’:

(i) To err is human.
Answer:
It is human to err.

(ii) To pardon is divine.
Answer:
It is divine to pardon.

(iii) To read your writing is difficult.
Answer:
It is difficult to read your writing.

(iv) To understand why she was annoyed is easy.
Answer:
It is easy to understand why she was annoyed.

(v) To see you is a real pleasure.
Answer:
It is a real pleasure to see you.

Question 15.

I. Read the direct speech and then fill in the spaces in the indirect speech.

Question (i)
I said to the teacher, “I am working hard.”
⇒ I ………………… the teacher …………………….. I ……………………. working hard.
Answer:
told, that, was

Question (ii)
He said to me, “You are wasting my time.”
⇒ He ………………. me that ………………. wasting ………………… time.
Answer:
told, I was, his

Question (iii).
Prem said to Pran, “Were you present at my birthday party?”
Prem ……………….. Pran ……………………. he ………………… present at ………………….. birthday party.
Answer:
asked, if, had been, his

Question (iv)
John said to Mary, “Why did you not tell me that truth earlier?”
⇒ John ……………….. Mary ……………….. she ………………… not ………………. the truth earlier.
Answer:
asked, that why, had, told

Question (v)
The captain said, “Hurrah ! we have won.”
⇒ The captain …………….. that they ……………………. won.
Answer:
Exclaimed with joy, had

Question (vi)
Amit said, “How foolishly you have acted !”
⇒ Amit ………………. that …………………. acted foolishly.
Answer:
exclaimed, he had

Question (vii)
Rita said to Raj, “Please come to the station with me”.
⇒ Rita ……………….. Raj …………………. to the station with
Answer:
requested, to come, her

Question (viii)
The teacher said to the boys, “Do not waste your time.”
⇒ The teacher …………………. the boys ……………….. waste ………………. time.
told, not to, their

Question (ix)
Priti said to Shashank, “Will you come to help if I am in trouble?”
⇒ Priti …………………. Shashank ………………….. he ……………… come to help if ……………………. in trouble.
Answer:
asked, if, would, she were

Question (x)
Yash said to Ishita, “Why don’t you obey your parents?”
⇒ Yash …………………. Ishita ………………… she ………………… obey ………………….. parents.
Answer:
asked, that why, did not, her.

II. Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech:

(i) He says, “He spoke the truth.”
Answer:
He says that he spoke the truth.

(ii) The geography teacher said, “The Sun rises in the east every morning and sets in the west every evening.”
Answer:
The geography teacher said that the Sun rises in the east every morning and sets in the west every evening.

(iii) He said to her, “I’ll go to Delhi tomorrow.”
Answer:
He told her that he would go to Delhi the next day.

(iv) She said, “I am working in a restaurant, and don’t care much for it”.
Answer:
She told that she was working in a restaurant and didn’t care much for it.

(v) He said to me, “You can never get his help.”
Answer:
He told me that I could never get his help.

(vi) Peter said to her, “I’m sorry for not having a tie on. I didn’t know it was going to be a formal party.”
Answer:
Peter regretted to her that he did not have a tie on and addethed he didn’t know it was going to be a formal party.

(vii) Shashank said to Priti, “Why did you not tell me the truth earlier?”
Answer:
Shashank asked Priti when she had not told him the truth earlier.

(viii) The money lender said to her, “When will you pay my money back?”
Answer:
The money lender enquired of her when she would pay his money back.

(ix) The guide said to me, “Do you want to see the Cathedral?” (M.P. 2014)
Answer:
The guide asked me if I wanted to see the Cathedral.

(x) His mother said, “Don’t put sticky things in your pockets.”
Answer:
His mother forbade him from putting sticky things in his pocket.

(xi) Nikita said, “How foolishly you have acted!”
Answer:
Nikita exclaimed that how foolishly he had acted.

Question 16.
Complete the following sentences adding noun clauses:

(i) He knows ………………….
Answer:
how to do it.

(ii) ……………….. is certain.
Answer:
The fact that he will not accept the bribe.

(iii) The difficulty is ………………….
Answer:
that we do not know how can kill the criminals.

(iv) The news that …………………. was true.
Answer:
criminals have burnt the police station.

(v) Don’t pay any attention to …………………….
Answer:
what he says.

(vi) He is doubtful …………………….
Answer:
that Ramesh will respond positively to the invitation.

(vii) It is possible that …………………
Answer:
she has finished her work.

(viii) It was informed …………………….
Answer:
that the Chief Guest will arrive half an hour late.

(ix) ……………….. is known to all.
Answer:
The fact that most of the government officers are corrupt.

(x) She expects that ……………………..
Answer:
her work will be done without paying money to the clerk.

Question 17.
Combine the following pairs of sentences by using relative clauses. Omit the relative pronouns wherever it is possible:

(i) He is speaking to the people in Hindi. The people do not know Hindi.
Answer:
He is speaking to those people in Hindi who do not know Hindi.

(ii) The man was sitting at the desk. I had come to seen this man.
Answer:
The man sitting at the desk had come to see this man.

(iii) I sit on the chair. It has a wooden seat.
Answer:
I sit on the chair which has a wooden seat.

(iv) People were given temporary sheds to live. Their house are to be demonished.
Answer:
People whose houses are to be demolished were given temporaiy sheds to live.

(v) I want to interview the man. His name is Gopal.
Answer:
I want to interview the man whose name is Gopal.

(vi) He introduced me to the guests. Most of them were above fifty.
Answer:
Most of the guests he introduced to me were above fifty.

(vii) The man was driving a car. The car had no lights.
Answer:
The man was driving a car which had not lights.

(viii) She is riding a bicycle. The padle of the bicycle is broken.
Answer:
She is riding a bicycle a padle of which is broken.

(ix) I was given your address by a man. I met this man on a train.
Answer:
I was given your address by a man whom I met on a train.

(x) A girl answered the telephone. She said Amit was away.
Answer:
The girl who answered the telephone said Amit was away.

(xi) The boys are playing in the field now. The boys are in class X. (M.P. 2014)
Answer:
The boys who are playing in the field are now in class X.

Question 18.
Fill in the blanks with relative pronouns where necessary. Put a × mark where relative pronouns can be omitted and are not required:

1. The toy ………………… you gave to the child is broken.
Answer:
×

2. Those ………………. are late will be punished.
Answer:
who

3. The boys …………………… names have been deleted from the list can see me in the afternoon.
Answer:
whose

4. Make a list of things ………………… you want me to buy for you.
Answer:
×

5. The chair ………………. you are sitting on has three legs.
Answer:
which

6. My neighbour, ……………….. son is in your class, wants to see you.
Answer:
whose

7. People …………………. work hard always succeed.
Answer:
who

8. I have listed the questions answers to ………………….. I do not know.
Answer:
which

9. The girl …………………… won the first prize is my daughter.
Answer:
who

10. The boy …………………… I gave the money has disappeared.
Answer:
whom.

Question 19.
Combine the following pairs of sentences by using the conjunctions given:

(i) He will come any moment. I’ll wait till then, (till)
Answer:
I will wait till he comes.

(ii) The tea is very hot. We can’t drink it. (so….that)
Answer:
The tea is so hot that we can’t drink it.

(iii) They worked hard. They succeeded, (as)
Answer:
As they worked hard they succeeded.

(iv) He is poor. He worked hard and completed his studies, (though)
Answer:
Though he is poor he worked hard and completed his studies.

(v) You will pay the bill. You will not get the books, (unless)
Answer:
Unless you pay the bill you will not get the books.

(vi) He looks young. He is not so young, (than)
Answer:
He looks younger than he.

(vii) She worked hard. She could earn more money, (so that)
Answer:
She worked hard so that she could earn more money.

(viii) You came. I was having a bath then, (when)
Answer:
When you came I was having a bath.

(ix) We reached the station. They had already left (after)
Answer:
We reached the station after they had left.

(x) The toys are very expensive. We can’t afford to buy them, (so that)
Answer:
The toys are so expensive that we can’t afford to buy them.

Question 20.
Complete the following sentences by adding adverb clauses:

(i) She was welcomed with garlands wherever …………………
Answer:
he went.

(ii) Keep this medal safely lest ………………….
Answer:
they should be lost.

(iii) The play was stopped as ……………….
Answer:
the electric supply failed.

(iv) You complete your homework before …………………
Answer:
the arrival of the guests.

(v) She will not get any food unless ………………….
Answer:
she completes the work given to her.

(vi) Mr. Sharma borrowed the money from the bank so that ………………….
Answer:
she could purchase a house.

(vii) Mohan speaks better than ………………….
Answer:

(viii) Mr. Das is saving money in order to ………………….
Answer:
purchase a new car.

(ix) Though …………………. they spend a lot of money on books.
Answer:
they do not have time to read.

(x) He is standing where …………………
Answer:
two rivers could be seen meeting.

Question 21.
Replace the underlined phrases with adverb clauses as shown in the example:
Example:
He works hard to succeed.
He works hard so that he will succeed.

(i) She will wait here till your arrival.
Answer:
She will wait here till you do not arrive.

(ii) Having finished their homework the children went to play.
Answer:
When they had finished their homework the children went to play.

(iii) This problem is too hard for us to solve.
Answer:
This problem is so hard for us that we can not solve it.

(iv) It started raining before our reaching home.
Answer:
It started raining before we can not reach home.

(v) You will have to run fast to reach the school in time.
Answer:
You will have to run fast if you want to reach the school in time.

(vi) He is singing happily.
Answer:
He is singing as if.

(vii) On seeing the cat the mice went into their holes.
Answer:
When they saw the cat the mice went into their holes.

(viii) Bhola behaves like a fool.
Answer:
Bhola behaves as if he is a fool.

(ix) The boy went to market to buy some sugar.
Answer:
The boy went to market because he had to buy some sugar.

(xi) He was too scared to speak.
Answer:
He was so scared that he could not speak.

Question 22.
Do as directed: (M.P. 2014)

(i) She hates to work. (Rewrite the sentence using a Gerund)
Answer:
She hates working.

(ii) You pay the bill. You will not get the books. (Combine using ‘unless’)
Answer:
You will not get the books unless you pay the bill.

(iii) You are permitted to use the pass. (Rewrite using ‘can’)
Answer:
You can use the pass.

(iv) You do your duty/work. (Change into negative) (M.P. 2018)
Answer:
You do not do your duty/work.

(v) He wrote his name ……………… ink. (in/with/from) (M.P. 2018)
Answer:
with.

MP Board Class 11th Chemistry Important Questions in English Medium

• Chapter 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Important Questions
• Chapter 2 Structure of Atom Important Questions
• Chapter 3 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Important Questions
• Chapter 4 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Important Questions
• Chapter 5 States of Matter Important Questions
• Chapter 6 Thermodynamics Important Questions
• Chapter 7 Equilibrium Important Questions
• Chapter 8 Redox Reactions Important Questions
• Chapter 9 Hydrogen Important Questions
• Chapter 10 The s-Block Elements Important Questions
• Chapter 11 The p-Block Elements Important Questions
• Chapter 12 Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles and Techniques Important Questions
• Chapter 13 Hydrocarbons Important Questions
• Chapter 14 Environmental Chemistry Important Questions

MP Board Class 11th Chemistry Important Questions in Hindi Medium

• Chapter 1 रसायन विज्ञान की कुछ मूल अवधारणाएँ Important Questions
• Chapter 2 परमाणु की संरचना Important Questions
• Chapter 3 तत्त्वों का वर्गीकरण एवं गुणधर्मों में आवर्तिता Important Questions
• Chapter 4 रासायनिक आबंधन तथा आण्विक संरचना Important Questions
• Chapter 5 द्रव्य की अवस्थाएँ Important Questions
• Chapter 6 ऊष्मागतिकी Important Questions
• Chapter 7 साम्यावस्था Important Questions
• Chapter 8 अपचयोपचय अभिक्रियाएँ Important Questions
• Chapter 9 हाइड्रोजन Important Questions
• Chapter 10 s-ब्लॉक तत्त्व Important Questions
• Chapter 11 p-ब्लॉक तत्त्व Important Questions
• Chapter 12 कार्बनिक रसायन : कुछ आधारभूत सिद्धान्त तथा तकनीकें Important Questions
• Chapter 13 हाइड्रोकार्बन Important Questions
• Chapter 14 पर्यावरणीय रसायन Important Questions

MP Board Class 11th Chemistry Syllabus and Marking Scheme

Latest Syllabus and Marks Distribution Chemistry Class XI for the academic year 2019 – 2020 Year Examination.

Chemistry
Class XI

Time : 3 Hours.
Maximum Marks: 100

Unit Wise Division of Marks

We hope the given MP Board Class 11th Chemistry Important Questions with Answers Guide Pdf Free Download रसायन विज्ञान in both Hindi Medium and English Medium will help you. If you have any queries regarding NCERT Madhya Pradesh Syllabus MP Board Class 11 Chemistry Book Question Bank Solutions Rasayan Vigyan Pdf, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

Students can also download MP Board 12th Model Papers to help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

MP Board Class 12th Maths Important Questions in English Medium

• Chapter 1 Relations and Functions Important Questions
• Chapter 2 Inverse Trigonometric Functions Important Questions
• Chapter 3 Matrices Important Questions
• Chapter 4 Determinants Important Questions
• Chapter 5A Continuity and Differentiability Important Questions
• Chapter 5B Differentiation Important Questions
• Chapter 6 Application of Derivatives Important Questions
• Chapter 7A Integration Important Questions
• Chapter 7B Definite Integral Important Questions
• Chapter 8 Application of Integrals Important Questions
• Chapter 9 Differential Equations Important Questions
• Chapter 10 Vector Algebra Important Questions
• Chapter 11 Three Dimensional Geometry Important Questions
• Chapter 12 Linear Programming Important Questions
• Chapter 13 Probability Important Questions

MP Board Class 12th Maths Important Questions in Hindi Medium

• Chapter 1 संबंध एवं फलन Important Questions
• Chapter 2 प्रतिलोम त्रिकोणमितीय फलन Important Questions
• Chapter 3 आव्यूह Important Questions
• Chapter 4 सारणिक Important Questions
• Chapter 5A सांतत्य तथा अवकलनीयता Important Questions
• Chapter 5B अवकलन Important Questions
• Chapter 6 अवकलज के अनुप्रयोग Important Questions
• Chapter 7A समाकलन Important Questions
• Chapter 7B निश्चित समाकलन Important Questions
• Chapter 8 समाकलनों के अनुप्रयोग Important Questions
• Chapter 9 अवकल समीकरण Important Questions
• Chapter 10 सदिश बीजगणित Important Questions
• Chapter 11 त्रि-विमीय ज्यामिति Important Questions
• Chapter 12 रैखिक प्रोग्रामन Important Questions
• Chapter 13 प्रायिकता Important Questions

MP Board Class 12th Maths Syllabus and Marking Scheme

Latest Syllabus and Marks Distribution Maths Class XII for the academic year 2019 – 2020 Year Examination.

Maths
Class XII

Time : 3 Hours.
Maximum Marks: 100

Unit Wise Division of Marks

Unit I: Relations and Functions

1. Relations and Functions
Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function. Binary operations.

2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Definition, range, domain, principal value branch. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions. Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions.

Unit II: Algebra

3. Matrices
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Operation on matrices: Addition and multiplication and multiplication with a scalar. Simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication. Noncommutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2). Concept of elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).

4. Determinants
Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 x 3 matrices), properties of determinants, minors, co-factors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix.

Unit III: Calculus

5. Continuity and Differentiability
Continuity and differentiability, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of implicit functions. Concept of exponential and logarithmic functions.
Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions. Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives. Rolle’s and Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorems (without proof) and their geometric interpretation.

6. Applications of Derivatives
Applications of derivatives: rate of change of bodies, increasing/decreasing functions, tangents and normals, use of derivatives in approximation, maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real-life situations).

7. Integrals
Integration as inverse process of differentiation.Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, Evaluation of simple integrals of the following types and problems based on them.
Definite integrals as a limit of a sum, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.

8. Applications of the Integrals
Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/parabolas/ellipses (in standard form only), Area between any of the two above said curves (the region should be clearly identifiable).

9. Differential Equations
Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation.Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables solutions of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the type:
dy/dx + py = q, where p and q are functions of x or constants.
dx/dy + px = q, where p and q are functions of y or constants.

Unit IV: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

10. Vectors
Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector.Direction cosines and direction ratios of a vector. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Definition, Geometrical Interpretation, properties and application of scalar (dot) product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors, scalar triple product of vectors.

11. Three – dimensional Geometry
Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two points.Cartesian equation and vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines.Cartesian and vector equation of a plane. Angle between (i) two lines, (ii) two planes, (iii) a line and a plane. Distance of a point from a plane.

Unit V: Linear Programming

12. Linear Programming
Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, different types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, mathematical formulation of L.P. problems, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions (bounded and unbounded), feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints).

Unit VI: Probability

13. Probability
Conditional probability, multiplication theorem on probability. independent events, total probability, Baye’s theorem, Random variable and its probability distribution, mean and variance of random variable. Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and Binomial distribution.

We hope the given MP Board Class 12th Maths Important Questions with Answers Guide Pdf Free Download गणित in both Hindi Medium and English Medium will help you. If you have any queries regarding NCERT Madhya Pradesh Syllabus MP Board Class 12 Maths Book Question Bank Solutions Ganit Pdf, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.